Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38660631›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2024

Effectiveness and tolerability of programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy for upper gastrointestinal tract cancers.

Xiao-Min Zhang, Ting Yang, Ying-Ying Xu, Bao-Zhong Li, Wei Shen, Wen-Qing Hu, Cai-Wen Yan, Liang Zong

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiao-Min ZhangDepartment of Central Laboratory, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
Ting YangDepartment of Central Laboratory, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
Ying-Ying XuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yizheng People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China.
Bao-Zhong LiDepartment of General Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Anyang 455000, Henan Province, China.
Wei ShenDepartment of General Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, China.
Wen-Qing HuDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
Cai-Wen YanDepartment of Gastroenterology, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
Liang ZongDepartment of Central Laboratory, Changzhi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
Changzhi Medical College · CNWuxi People's Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe combination of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor and chemotherapy is approved as a standard first- or second-line treatment in patients with advanced oesophageal or gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether this combination is superior to chemotherapy alone.

aimTo assess the comparative effectiveness and tolerability of combining PD-1 inhibitors with chemotherapy

methodsWe searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies that compared the efficacy and tolerance of PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy

resultsNine phase 3 clinical trials (7016 advanced oesophageal and gastric cancer patients) met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis demonstrated that the pooled PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group had a significantly longer OS than the chemotherapy-alone group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.81]; the pooled PFS result was consistent with that of OS (HR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.61-0.74). The count of patients achieving an objective response in the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group surpassed that of the chemotherapy-alone group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95%CI: 1.59-2.18]. AE incidence was also higher in the combination-therapy group than in the chemotherapy-alone group, regardless of whether ≥ grade 3 only (OR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.07-1.57) or all AE grades (OR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.39-2.54) were examined. We performed a subgroup analysis based on the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) and noted extended OS and PFS durations within the CPS ≥ 1, CPS ≥ 5, and CPS ≥ 10 subgroups of the PD-1 inhibitor + chemotherapy group.

conclusionIn contrast to chemotherapy alone, the combination of PD-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy appears to present a more favorable option for initial or subsequent treatment in patients with gastric cancer, GEJ tumor, or oesophageal cancer. This holds true particularly for individuals with PD-L1 CPS scores of ≥ 5 and ≥ 10.

Indexed as

Adverse eventChemotherapyGastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomaObjective response rateOesophageal squamous cell carcinomaOverall survivalProgrammed cell death protein-1 inhibitorProgression-free survival

Identifiers

PMID38660631
PMCPMC11037061
OpenAlexW4394632884

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.