SynthesisBMC public health2024
Risk factors for low back pain in the Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal compounds for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Smoking, Alcohol Use, and Low Back Pain: A Large-Scale Study Identifying a Synergistic Lifestyle Risk.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- Low Back Pain in Chinese Adults Aged 45 Years and Older: Trends, Drivers, and Projections, 1990-2040.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Chronic Low Back Pain in Hungary Based on the European Health Interview Surveys Conducted in 2009, 2014, and 2019: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Factors associated with acupuncture treatment use among middle-aged and older adults with low back pain in China.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Home Physical Exercise Interventions in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Multivariate Meta-Analysis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- MRI based paraspinal muscle mass predicts early cage subsidence after posterior lumbar interbody fusion.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Burden of low-back pain disease caused by occupational ergonomic factors in China from 1990 to 2021 and forecast for 2035: a systematic analysis and comparison with global trends.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- High-BMI-related low back pain in China: a GBD-based observational study on sex-age trends and projections (1990-2021).European journal of medical research · 2025Observational
- Article
- Analysis and comparison of the trends in burden of low back pain in China and worldwide from 1990 to 2021.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of MRI-based VBQ and EBQ score for predicting cage subsidence in PILF surgery.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Risk factors Associated with Pain Severity in Syrian patients with non-specific low back Pain.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn China, the world's largest developing country, low back pain (LBP) is a common public health issue affecting workability. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess the risk factors of LBP in the Chinese population.
methodsFour English language and four Chinese databases were searched, and cross-sectional studies on the risk factors for LBP in Chinese populations were identified and collected. The search timeframe covered the period from the establishment of the database to November 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias. Begg's and Egger's tests were used to evaluate publication bias.
resultsFifteen cross-sectional studies involving 86,575 people were included. Seven risk factors for LBP were identified. Six risk factors were statistically significant: Cigarette smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15, 2.08, P = 0.004, I
conclusionsThis study found that smoking, a BMI ≥ 28 kg/m², female sex, vibration exposure at work, working overtime, and lack of exercise may be risk factors for LBP in the Chinese population. Because the included studies were cross-sectional and the certainty of the evidence was very low, the results need to be interpreted cautiously. Multicentre, high-quality studies should be conducted in the future. To reduce the prevalence of LBP, the Chinese government and hospitals must develop early screening programs and implement effective preventive and interventional measures.
trial registrationThis study is registered in the PROSPERO database (No. CRD42023447857).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.