ArticleBMC public health2024
Association between multiple-heavy-metal exposures and systemic immune inflammation in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese general population.
Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Urinary metal exposure, systemic inflammation, and advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risk in US adults.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Integrated Network Analysis of Toxic Elements Co-exposure and Pathophysiological Changes Triggered by Oxidative Stress/Inflammation in Urban Sanitation Workers.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Oral microbiome alterations and their association with long-term heavy metal exposure and early health effects.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- Mediation and moderation by inflammation and dietary patterns in heavy metal exposure effects on kidney function.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association Between Multiple Plasma Toxic Metal and Metalloid Exposures and Hypertension in Elderly Chinese Adults.Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Correction: Association between multiple-heavy-metal exposures and systemic immune inflammation in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese general population.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExposure to heavy metals alone or in combination can promote systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate potential associations between multiple plasma heavy metals and markers of systemic immune inflammation.
methodsUsing a cross-sectional study, routine blood tests were performed on 3355 participants in Guangxi, China. Eight heavy metal elements in plasma were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Immunoinflammatory markers were calculated based on peripheral blood WBC and its subtype counts. A generalised linear regression model was used to analyse the association of each metal with the immunoinflammatory markers, and the association of the metal mixtures with the immunoinflammatory markers was further assessed using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression.
resultsIn the single-metal model, plasma metal Fe (log10) was significantly negatively correlated with the levels of immune-inflammatory markers SII, NLR and PLR, and plasma metal Cu (log10) was significantly positively correlated with the levels of immune-inflammatory markers SII and PLR. In addition, plasma metal Mn (log10 conversion) was positively correlated with the levels of immune inflammatory markers NLR and PLR. The above associations remained after multiple corrections. In the mixed-metal model, after WQS regression analysis, plasma metal Cu was found to have the greatest weight in the positive effects of metal mixtures on SII and PLR, while plasma metals Mn and Fe had the greatest weight in the positive effects of metal mixtures on NLR and LMR, respectively. In addition, blood Fe had the greatest weight in the negative effects of the metal mixtures for SII, PLR and NLR.
conclusionPlasma metals Cu and Mn were positively correlated with immunoinflammatory markers SII, NLR and PLR. While plasma metal Fe was negatively correlated with immunoinflammatory markers SII, NLR, and PLR.
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