ReviewThe Lancet. Oncology2024
Considerations for using potential surrogate endpoints in cancer screening trials.
Review in The Lancet. Oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Late-Stage Outcomes as Surrogates for Mortality in Cancer Screening Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Randomised phase III trials of cancer prevention drugs: a systematic review and prediction of trial success.ESMO open · 2026Review
- Cancer burden and control in China: landscape, trends and challenges.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Bias in Meta-Analytic Modeling of Surrogate Endpoints in Cancer Screening Trials.Statistics in medicine · 2026Article
- Challenges in the future of cancer screening.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Evaluating the basis for use of advanced stage as a surrogate endpoint for cancer mortality in screening trials: a simulation study of meta-correlation and an alternative framework.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Measuring and defining screening benefit in a new era of cancer early detection.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Review
- Multi-cancer early detection: from promise to practice and the next frontier.Cancer biology & medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical Significance of a Multicancer Screening Trial With Stage-Based End Points.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Liquid biopsy-based multi-cancer early detection: an exploration road from evidence to implementation.Science bulletin · 2025Review
- Promises and pitfalls of multi-cancer early detection using liquid biopsy tests.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Modeled Benefit of Individual Cancer Signal Origin Prediction for Multi-Cancer Early Detection.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- Enhancing skin lesion classification: a CNN approach with human baseline comparison.PeerJ. Computer science · 2025Article
- Early detection of pancreatic cancer: Study design and analytical considerations in biomarker discovery and early phase validation studies.Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.] · 2024Review
- Towards replicability and sustainability in cancer research.BJC reports · 2024Review
- Alternative endpoints to mortality in cancer screening trials.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Technology and Future of Multi-Cancer Early Detection.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Bedside implications of the use of surrogate endpoints in solid and haematological cancers: implications for our reliance on PFS, DFS, ORR, MRD and more.BMJ oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The requirement of large-scale expensive cancer screening trials spanning decades creates considerable barriers to the development, commercialisation, and implementation of novel screening tests. One way to address these problems is to use surrogate endpoints for the ultimate endpoint of interest, cancer mortality, at an earlier timepoint. This Review aims to highlight the issues underlying the choice and use of surrogate endpoints for cancer screening trials, to propose criteria for when and how we might use such endpoints, and to suggest possible candidates. We present the current landscape and challenges, and discuss lessons and shortcomings from the therapeutic trial setting. It is hugely challenging to validate a surrogate endpoint, even with carefully designed clinical studies. Nevertheless, we consider whether there are candidates that might satisfy the requirements defined by research and regulatory bodies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.