ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2024
Plant-Based Diets and Risk of Multimorbidity: The Health and Retirement Study.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plant-based diets and depression: epidemiological evidence, biological mechanisms, and implications for prevention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Inflammation-oriented dietary pattern and menopause timing in postmenopausal women: evidence from the Health and Retirement Study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Polyphenols: A top-down approach to nutrition and depression.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Plant-based dietary patterns and age-specific risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a prospective analysis.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2025Article
- Dietary patterns and accelerated multimorbidity in older adults.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Food insecurity and ultra-processed food consumption in the Health and Retirement Study: Cross-sectional analysis.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Article
- Plant-Based Diets and Their Associations with Physical Performance in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.Nutrients · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPlant-based diets have gained attention due to their beneficial effects against major chronic diseases, although their association with multimorbidity is mostly unknown.
objectivesWe examined the association between the healthful (hPDI) and unhealthful plant-based diet indices (uPDI) with multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults from the United States.
methodsData on 4262 adults aged >50 y was obtained from the 2012-2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study (HCNS). Food consumption was collected at baseline with a food frequency questionnaire and 2 PDIs were derived: the hPDI, with positive scores for healthy plant foods and reverse scores for less healthy plant foods and animal foods; and the uPDI, with only positive scoring for less healthy plant foods. Complex multimorbidity, defined as ≥3 coexistent conditions, was ascertained from 8 self-reported conditions: hypertension, diabetes, cancer, chronic lung disease, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and depression. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsAfter a median follow-up of 7.8 y, we documented 1202 incident cases of multimorbidity. Compared with the lowest quartile, higher adherence to the hPDI was inversely associated with multimorbidity (HR for quartile 3: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.96 and HR for quartile 4: 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63, 0.98; P-trend = 0.02). In addition, a 10-point increment in the hPDI was associated with a 11% lower incidence of multimorbidity (95% CI: 1, 20%). No significant associations were found for the uPDI after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
conclusionsHigher adherence to the hPDI was inversely associated with multimorbidity among middle-aged and older adults. Plant-based diets that emphasize consumption of high-quality plant foods may help prevent the development of complex multimorbidity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.