Evidence mapPaperPMID 38726347Full record

ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2024

Salt and sugar intakes of adults in the central division of Fiji: findings from a nutrition survey in 2022.

Anasaini Moala Silatolu, Joseph Alvin Santos, Aliyah Palu, Devina Nand, Alvina Deo, Ateca Kama, Susana Lolohea, Unise Vakaloloma, Litiana Seru, Penaia Naivunivuni and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Anasaini Moala SilatoluPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Joseph Alvin SantosThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Aliyah PaluThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Devina NandThe Wellness Team, Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji.
Alvina DeoThe Wellness Team, Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji.
Ateca KamaThe Wellness Team, Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji.
Susana LoloheaPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Unise VakalolomaPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Litiana SeruPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Penaia NaivunivuniPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Shajal KumarPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Helen TawakilaiPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Emosi VimatematePacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Mohammed SanifPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Alena MisavuPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Andrew Uma PrasadThe Wellness Team, Ministry of Health, Suva, Fiji.
Dori PatayThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Mark WoodwardThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Kris RogersThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Erica ReeveInstitute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Colin BellInstitute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Jacqui WebsterThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.
Gade WaqaPacific Research Centre for the Prevention of Obesity and Non-communicable Diseases, College of Medicine Nursing and Heath Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji.
Briar L McKenzieThe George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Excess salt and sugar consumption contribute to diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension. This study aimed to estimate salt and sugar intakes and main sources, in a population of adults in the Central Division of Fiji. Methods: One adult per household was randomly selected to participate (n = 700). Sociodemographic characteristics; blood pressure, weight, and height; a 24-h diet recall; and spot-urine samples were collected, with 24-h urine samples from a sub-sample (n = 200). Sugar intake was estimated from the 24-h diet recalls and salt intake from the spot-urines. 24-hr diet recall was used to identify main sources of salt and sugar by food groups. Findings: 534 adults (response rate 76%, 50% women, mean age 42 years) participated. Salt intake was 8.8 g/day (95% CI, 8.7-9.0), and free sugar intake was 74.1 g/day (67.5-80.7), 16.1% of total energy intake (15.0-17.1%). Main sources of salt were mixed cooked dishes (40.9% (38.2-43.5)), and bread and bakery products (28.7% (26.5-31.0)). Main sources of sugar were table sugars, honey, and related products (24.3% (21.7-26.8)), non-alcoholic beverages (21.4% (18.8-24.0)) and bread and bakery products (18.0% (16.2-19.9)). Interpretation: Salt and sugar intakes exceeded World Health Organization recommendations in this sample of adults. Given dietary sources were foods high in salt and sugar, along with the addition to food or drinks, interventions focused on behavior along with environmental strategies to encourage healthier choices are needed. Funding: NHMRC and GACD grant APP1169322.

Indexed as

HypertensionObesityPacificSaltSmall Island developing states (SIDS)Sugar

Identifiers

PMID38726347
PMCPMC11079466

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.