Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2024
Contributions of elevated CRP, hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes to cardiovascular risk in the general population: observational and Mendelian randomization studies.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Propolis effects on blood sugar and lipid metabolism, inflammatory indicators, and oxidative stress in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Integrated Cardio-Renal-Metabolic Risk Profiling in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Machine Learning-Assisted Cross-Sectional Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index for the detection of the severity of coronary artery disease in different glucose metabolic states in patients with H-type hypertension.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Revisiting Insulin Resistance in the Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Organ Perspective.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Review
- Bootstrap-Augmented Analysis of Non-Linear Associations Between Glucose, hsCRP, and First Myocardial Infarction in a Cardiovascular Population.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The negative association between C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte index and cardiovascular disease.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Association between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index and coronary heart disease in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease patients: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease: clinical associations, conformation-dependent biology, and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with Metabolic Syndrome and Transitions in Metabolic Status: A Combined Cross-Sectional and Cohort Study with Gender Differences in Chinese Adults.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- The central role of IL-6 in the differential effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists and metformin across multiple health conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Prognostic significance of the CALLY index for mortality among patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Serum C-reactive protein and C-reactive protein derived markers in diabetic microvascular complications.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- C-reactive protein and prospective cardiometabolic risk: observational and Mendelian randomization study of ischemic stroke and all-cause death.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Observational
- Inflammatory and metabolic markers mediate the association of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis with 10-year ASCVD risk.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Association between Paleolithic diet fraction and systemic low-grade chronic inflammation in the Malmö diet and cancer study cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Elevated inflammation supra-additively promotes the progression from prediabetes to diabetes: a prospective cohort study.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- NMR Spectroscopy-Based Lipoprotein and Glycoprotein Biomarkers Differentiate Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Diverse Healthy and Disease Population Cohorts.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Association of C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index with the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Association between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and new-onset coronary heart disease among metabolically heterogeneous individuals.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the contributions of low-grade inflammation measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes to risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death in the general population, and whether hyperglycaemia and high CRP are causally related. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsObservational and bidirectional, one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses in 112,815 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study and the Copenhagen City Heart Study, and bidirectional, two-sample MR with summary level data from two publicly available consortia, CHARGE and MAGIC.
resultsObservationally, higher plasma CRP was associated with stepwise higher risk of IHD and CVD death, with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of 1.50 (1.38, 1.62) and 2.44 (1.93, 3.10) in individuals with the 20% highest CRP concentrations. The corresponding hazard ratios for elevated plasma glucose were 1.10 (1.02, 1.18) and 1.22 (1.01, 1.49), respectively. Cumulative incidences of IHD and CVD death were 365% and 592% higher, respectively, in individuals with both type 2 diabetes and plasma CRP ≥ 2 mg/L compared to individuals without either. Plasma CRP and glucose were observationally associated (β-coefficient: 0.02 (0.02, 0.03), p = 3 × 10
conclusionsElevated concentrations of plasma CRP and glucose are predictors of IHD and CVD death in the general population. We found no genetic association between CRP and glucose, or vice versa, suggesting that lowering glucose pharmacologically does not have a direct effect on low-grade inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.