ReviewFrontiers in rehabilitation sciences2024
Manual therapy and exercise effects on inflammatory cytokines: a narrative overview.
Review in Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Exercise Therapy Versus Manual Therapy for the Management of Pain Intensity, Disability, and Physical Function in People With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of pearl millet diet on immunomodulating factors, physical performance and recovery in athletes: a randomised control trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of thoracic manipulation with trigger point therapy on inflammatory cytokine levels in individuals with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Trial
- Manual therapy treatment mechanisms are complex: Challenges and a call to action.Complementary therapies in medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of Physical Therapy on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Revitalizing Muscles: Harnessing Exercise to Modulate Inflammatory Cytokines and Conquer Sarcopenia in Aging.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- The role and mechanism of IL‑35 in myasthenia gravis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A mechanistic hypothesis: osteopathic manipulative therapy may modulate immune cell function in chronic low back pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Musculoskeletal Pain Syndromes: A Systematic Review.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Categorizing Treatment Mechanisms for Complementary and Integrative Musculoskeletal Interventions.International journal of osteopathic medicine : IJOM · 2025Article
- The mechanisms of manual therapy: A living review of systematic, narrative, and scoping reviews.PloS one · 2025Article
- Salivary Biomarkers of Inflammation in Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain.Biomarker insights · 2025Article
- Bilateral hand dystonia following high-velocity thrust manipulation: a case report.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Matching disease and treatment mechanisms is a goal of the Precision Medicine Initiative. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Transforming Growth Factor-beta, and Interleukin-2, 10, and 12) have gained a significant amount of interest in their potential role in persistent pain for musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. Manual therapy (MT) and exercise are two guideline-recommended approaches for treating MSK conditions. The objective of this narrative overview was to investigate of the effects of MT and exercise on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and determine the factors that lead to variability in results. Methods: Two reviewers evaluated the direction and variabilities of MT and exercise literature. A red, yellow, and green light scoring system was used to define consistencies. Results: Consistencies in responses were seen with acute and chronic exercise and both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Chronic exercise is associated with a consistent shift towards a more anti-inflammatory cytokine profile (Transforming Growth Factor-beta, and Interleukin-2 and 13, whereas acute bouts of intense exercise can transiently increase pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. The influence of MT on cytokines was less commonly studied and yielded more variable results. Conclusion: Variability in findings is likely related to the subject and their baseline condition or disease, when measurement occurs, and the exercise intensity, duration, and an individual's overall health and fitness.
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Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.