Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38747478›Full record

ArticleClinical and translational science2024

Physiologically based absorption modeling to predict the bioequivalence of two apixaban formulations.

Ting Luo, Lu Wang, Zourong Ruan, Honggang Lou, Dandan Yang, Zhiyang Wang, Pengfei Zhao, Bo Jiang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and translational science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ting LuoCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9412-4463
Lu WangCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8858-4896
Zourong RuanCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Honggang LouCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8263-3674
Dandan YangCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0009-0007-7168-0364
Zhiyang WangCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Pengfei ZhaoCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7300-1571
Bo JiangCenter of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2406-0959

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The equivalence of absorption rates and extents between generic drugs and their reference formulations is crucial for ensuring therapeutic comparability. Bioequivalence (BE) studies are widely utilized and play a pivotal role in substantiating the approval and promotional efforts for generic drugs. Virtual BE simulation is a valuable tool for mitigating risks and guiding clinical BE studies, thereby minimizing redundant in vivo BE assessments. Herein, we successfully developed a physiologically based absorption model for virtual BE simulations, which precisely predicts the BE of the apixaban test and reference formulations. The modeling results confirm that the test and reference formulations were bioequivalent under both fasted and fed conditions, consistent with clinical studies. This highlights the efficacy of physiologically based absorption modeling as a powerful tool for formulation screening and can be adopted as a methodological and risk assessment strategy to detect potential clinical BE risks.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalPyrazolesPyridonesTherapeutic EquivalencyAdministration, OralComputer SimulationDrugs, GenericFactor Xa InhibitorsHumansMaleDrugs, GenericFactor Xa InhibitorsPyrazolesPyridones

Identifiers

PMID38747478
PMCPMC11095081

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.