Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38790042›Full record

SynthesisBMC medical informatics and decision making2024

The efficacy of virtual reality for upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mohsen Soleimani, Marjan Ghazisaeedi, Soroush Heydari

Registry-linked trialAbstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC medical informatics and decision making, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07534124 (Non-Immersive Virtual Reality), which is not on this map. Cited by 52 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07534124 nacompletednot on this map

Non-Immersive Virtual Reality (MindMotion™ GO) Improves Upper Limb Motor Function in Chronic Left MCA Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Complutense de MadridRan2022 to 2025Enrolled26ConditionsStroke, Rehabilitation, Upper Limb Paresis, Chronic Stroke PatientArmsNon-Immersive Virtual Reality Rehabilitation, Occupational Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mohsen SoleimaniDepartment of Health Information Management and Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-5221-7573
Marjan GhazisaeediDepartment of Health Information Management and Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-2400-209X
Soroush HeydariDepartment of Health Information Management and Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. soroushsmart.19.99@gmail.com.ORCID 0009-0009-1243-4985

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStroke frequently gives rise to incapacitating motor impairments in the upper limb. Virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation has exhibited potential for augmenting upper extremity recovery; nonetheless, the optimal techniques for such interventions remain a topic of uncertainty. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to comprehensively compare VR-based rehabilitation with conventional occupational therapy across a spectrum of immersion levels and outcome domains.

methodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, IEEE, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycNET databases to identify randomized controlled trials about upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients utilizing VR interventions. The search encompassed studies published in the English language up to March 2023. The identified studies were stratified into different categories based on the degree of immersion employed: non-immersive, semi-immersive, and fully-immersive settings. Subsequent meta-analyses were executed to assess the impact of VR interventions on various outcome measures.

resultsOf the 11,834 studies screened, 55 studies with 2142 patients met the predefined inclusion criteria. VR conferred benefits over conventional therapy for upper limb motor function, functional independence, Quality of life, Spasticity, and dexterity. Fully immersive VR showed the greatest gains in gross motor function, while non-immersive approaches enhanced fine dexterity. Interventions exceeding six weeks elicited superior results, and initiating VR within six months post-stroke optimized outcomes.

conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrates that adjunctive VR-based rehabilitation enhances upper limb motor recovery across multiple functional domains compared to conventional occupational therapy alone after stroke. Optimal paradigms likely integrate VR's immersive capacity with conventional techniques.

trial registrationThis systematic review and meta-analysis retrospectively registered in the OSF registry under the identifier [ https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YK2RJ ].

Indexed as

Stroke RehabilitationUpper ExtremityVirtual RealityHumansOccupational TherapyRecovery of FunctionImmersionMeta-analysisRehabilitationStrokeSystematic reviewUpper limbVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID38790042
PMCPMC11127427

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.