ArticleVaccines2024
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy and Most Frequently Vaccinated Status in a Japanese Population-Based Sample.
Article in Vaccines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vaccines in 2025: What Is New in Vaccine Advocacy?Vaccines · 2026Article
- Psychological distress and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of in-school children after the end of the zero-COVID-19 policy: A city-wide survey in South China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Smoking status and the onset of suicidal ideation among adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While many countries across the world have had difficulty in providing continuous coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine boosters, in Japan, the number of COVID-19 vaccinations has increased rapidly in the past two years to the point where the vaccination booster numbers are now at the highest level in the world (by March 2023). Against this backdrop, this study aimed to determine the characteristics of individuals who either refused to be vaccinated or who were vaccinated multiple (five) times during this period. We analyzed data from a sample of 3710 Japanese adults that were collected in a nationwide, cross-sectional Internet survey that was undertaken in March 2023. Several demographics (e.g., age, education level, marital status, job status), medical conditions, daily smoking, and mental health/psychological factors (i.e., perceived stress, anxiety symptoms, loneliness) were associated with not having been vaccinated. Although the most frequently vaccinated status was also associated with some demographics (e.g., age, employment status), medical conditions, and daily smoking, other predictors such as having a COVID-19 infection history were unique to this outcome. Moreover, age-stratified analyses showed that depression (OR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1.08-3.89) and anxiety (OR: 3.87, 95%CI: 1.80-8.31) symptoms were associated with higher odds of being unvaccinated while loneliness was associated with lower odds for the most frequently vaccinated status (OR: 0.72, 95%CI: 0.54-0.96) among older adults (aged ≥ 60 years). The findings of this study indicate that many of the same factors are associated with vaccine hesitancy and being vaccinated multiple times among adults in Japan but that among older individuals, worse mental/psychological health problems may be important for vaccine hesitancy/infrequent vaccine uptake in an age range where the majority of individuals (57.7%) had been vaccinated five times.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.