ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2024
Race-Neutral Equations and Pulmonary Function Test Interpretation in Two Pediatric Cohorts.
Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Removing race from pulmonary function tests in children with idiopathic scoliosis.Spine deformity · 2026Article
- Implications of removing race from spirometry reference equations in children with asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025Article
- Spirometry interpretation in Africa: bridging the gap with relevant reference equations.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Race-Specific and Race-Neutral Equations for Lung Function and Asthma Diagnosis in Black Children.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Clinical and inflammatory features of traffic-related diesel exposure in children with asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the changes in predicted lung function measurements when using race-neutral equations in children, based upon the new Global Lung Initiative (GLI) reference equations, utilizing a race-neutral approach in interpreting spirometry results compared with the 2012 race-specific GLI equations. STUDY
designWe analyzed data from 2 multicenter prospective cohorts comprised of healthy children and children with history of severe (requiring hospitalization) bronchiolitis. Spirometry testing was done at the 6-year physical exam, and 677 tests were analyzed using new GLI Global and 2012 GLI equations. We used multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for age, height, and sex, to examine the association of race with the development of new impairment or increased severity (forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) z-score ≤ -1.645) as per 2022 American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines.
resultsCompared with the race-specific GLI, the race-neutral equation yielded increases in the median forced expiratory volume in the first second and forced vital capacity (FVC) percent predicted in White children but decreases in these two measures in Black children. The prevalence of obstruction increased in White children by 21%, and the prevalence of possible restriction increased in Black children by 222%. Compared with White race, Black race was associated with increased prevalence of new impairments (aOR 7.59; 95%CI, 3.00-19.67; P < .001) and increased severity (aOR 35.40; 95%CI, 4.70-266.40; P = .001). Results were similar across both cohorts.
conclusionsAs there are no biological justifications for the inclusion of race in spirometry interpretation, use of race-neutral spirometry reference equations led to an increase in both the prevalence and severity of respiratory impairments among Black children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.