Evidence mapPaperPMID 38817636Full record

ArticlePublic health in practice (Oxford, England)2024

The global prevalence of E-cigarettes in youth: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nader Salari, Sahel Rahimi, Niloofar Darvishi, Amir Abdolmaleki, Masoud Mohammadi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health in practice (Oxford, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Spirometric Lung Function Among Smokers and Non-Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study in University Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
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  11. Review
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  20. How e-cigarettes compromise children's human rights.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nader SalariDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Sahel RahimiStudent Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Niloofar DarvishiDepartment of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing School, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Amir AbdolmalekiDepartment of Operating Room, Nahavand School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Masoud MohammadiResearch Center for NonCommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Smoking, especially cigarettes, is known as one of the most common social and health problems among people. E-cigarettes are another form of tobacco that has been an ordinary daily occurrence.Study Design: systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Systematic searching of databases was performed in Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, MagIran, IranDoc, SID and Google search engine based on the PRISMA 2020 guideline. This search was conducted by the end of May 2021. Following full-text assessments, the related data were extracted from the papers. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was also used to evaluate the quality of methodology of the articles. Finally, study analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (version 2) based on the random effect model. Results: Global prevalence of E-cigarette in younger individuals was 16.8 (95 % CI: 10.6-25.6) and 4.8 (95 % CI: 3-7.6) in the Ever and Current modes of E-cigarette, respectively. We also found that E-cigarettes were used more common in young boys than young girls in both Ever and Current modes. In young boys, the prevalence of E-cigarette were 18.8 (95 % CI: 8.4-36.8) and 4.9 (95 % CI: 3-8) in both modes of Ever and Current, respectively. In young girls, these factors were 9.9 (95 % CI: 5-18.6) and 1.6 (95 % CI: 1-3.1) in both modes of Ever and Current, respectively. Conclusions: The global prevalence of e-cigarettes among young people, especially young boys, is increasing. Based on this, the prevention and management of the damage of this social phenomenon requires comprehensive global study, planning and policy.

Indexed as

CigarettesE-cigarettesPrevalenceTobaccoYouth

Identifiers

PMID38817636
PMCPMC11137589

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.