ArticleJMIR formative research2024
Development of a Subjective Visual Vertical Test System Using a Smartphone With Virtual Reality Goggles for Screening of Otolithic Dysfunction: Observational Study.
Article in JMIR formative research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evaluating the Number of Trials for Stable Virtual Reality-Based Subjective Visual Vertical Measurement in Healthy Adults.Journal of imaging · 2026Article
- Validity and Reliability of an Immersive Virtual Reality System for Multidimensional Assessment of Cervical Sensorimotor Control: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies · 2026Article
- Can video head impulse testing aid differential assessment of suspected vestibular migraine attacks?Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Validation and Distribution Characteristics of the Grading of Lateropulsion in Patients with Infratentorial Stroke: A Preliminary Study.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- A Case Report on Balance Progress in a Patient with Body Lateropulsion: Focusing on Vestibulo-ocular Reflex and Subjective Visual Vertical.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2026Article
- Subjective visual vertical in first time seafarers experiencing sea sickness.Journal of otology · 2025Article
- Clinical study on the optimal rotational stimulation for the unilateral centrifugation subjective visual vertical test.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe subjective visual vertical (SVV) test can evaluate otolith function and spatial awareness and is performed in dedicated vertigo centers using specialized equipment; however, it is not otherwise widely used because of the specific equipment and space requirements. An SVV test smartphone app was developed to easily perform assessments in outpatient facilities.
objectiveThis study aimed to verify whether the SVV test smartphone app with commercially available virtual reality goggles can be used in a clinical setting.
methodsThe reference range was calculated for 15 healthy participants. We included 14 adult patients with unilateral vestibular neuritis, sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo, and Meniere disease and investigated the correlation between the SVV test results and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) results.
resultsThe SVV reference range of healthy participants for the sitting front-facing position was small, ranging from -2.6º to 2.3º. Among the 14 patients, 6 (43%) exceeded the reference range for healthy participants. The SVV of patients with vestibular neuritis and sudden sensorineural hearing loss tended to deviate to the affected side. A total of 9 (64%) had abnormal cervical VEMP (cVEMP) values and 6 (43%) had abnormal ocular VEMP (oVEMP) values. No significant difference was found between the presence or absence of abnormal SVV values and the presence or absence of abnormal cVEMP and oVEMP values; however, the odds ratios (ORs) suggested a higher likelihood of abnormal SVV values among those with abnormal cVEMP and oVEMP responses (OR 2.40, 95% CI 0.18-32.88; P>.99; and OR 2, 95% CI 0.90-4.45; P=.46, respectively).
conclusionsThe SVV app can be used anywhere and in a short period while reducing directional bias by using virtual reality goggles, thus making it highly versatile and useful as a practical otolith dysfunction screening tool.
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