Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38839382›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2024

Multicentre, retrospective cohort study protocol to identify racial and ethnic differences in acute kidney injuries in children and adolescents with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Kelly R Bergmann, Petter Bjornstad, M Jennifer Abuzzahab, Ling Zhong, Elizabeth Collins-Dippel, Amanda Nickel, Dave Watson, Anupam Kharbanda

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Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kelly R BergmannDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA kelly.bergmann@childrensmn.org.ORCID 0000-0002-0975-4218
Petter BjornstadDepartment of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
M Jennifer AbuzzahabDepartment of Endocrinology and the McNeely Pediatric Diabetes Center, Children's Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Ling ZhongDepartment of Research and Sponsored Programs, Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Elizabeth Collins-DippelDepartment of Research and Sponsored Programs, Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Amanda NickelDepartment of Research and Sponsored Programs, Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Dave WatsonDepartment of Research and Sponsored Programs, Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Anupam KharbandaDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionApproximately 40% of children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develop acute kidney injury (AKI), which increases the risk of chronic kidney damage. At present, there is limited knowledge of racial or ethnic differences in diabetes-related kidney injury in children with diabetes. Understanding whether such differences exist will provide a foundation for addressing disparities in diabetes care that may continue into adulthood. Further, it is currently unclear which children are at risk to develop worsening or sustained DKA-related AKI. The primary aim is to determine whether race and ethnicity are associated with DKA-related AKI. The secondary aim is to determine factors associated with sustained AKI in children with DKA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This retrospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study of children with type 1 or type 2 diabetes with DKA will be conducted through the Paediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee. Children aged 2-18 years who were treated in a participating emergency department between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2023 will be included. Children with non-ketotic hyperglycaemic-hyperosmolar state or who were transferred from an outside facility will be excluded. The relevant predictor is race and ethnicity. The primary outcome is the presence of AKI, defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The secondary outcome is 'sustained' AKI, defined as having AKI ≥48 hours, unresolved AKI at last creatinine measurement or need for renal replacement therapy. Statistical inference of the associations between predictors (ie, race and ethnicity) and outcomes (ie, AKI and sustained AKI) will use random effects regression models, accounting for hospital variation and clustering. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Institutional Review Board of Children's Minnesota approved this study. 12 additional sites have obtained institutional review board approval, and all sites will obtain local approval prior to participation. Results will be presented at local or national conferences and for publication in peer-reviewed journals.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryDiabetic KetoacidosisAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2EthnicityFemaleHumansMaleMulticenter Studies as TopicRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAcute renal failureAdolescentsEmergency DepartmentsGeneral diabetesPaediatric endocrinologyPaediatric nephrology

Identifiers

PMID38839382
PMCPMC11163677

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.