Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38840960›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2024

Potential Mediating Role of Iron Biomarkers in the Association of Sex With Glucose, Insulin, and Type 2 Diabetes.

Farnaz Khatami, Theis Lange, Dion Groothof, Noushin Sadat Ahanchi, Hugo G Quezada-Pinedo, Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi, Martin H De Borst, Pedro-Marques Vidal, Mohan Sailesh, Dorairaj Prabhakaran and 4 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Farnaz KhatamiInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3589-1168
Theis LangeDepartment of Public Health, Section of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, DK-1353 Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6807-8347
Dion GroothofDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-4451
Noushin Sadat AhanchiInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Hugo G Quezada-PinedoThe Generation R Study Group, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Hamidreza Raeisi-DehkordiInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Martin H De BorstDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Pedro-Marques VidalDepartment of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Mohan SaileshCentre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries (CCCI), Public Health Foundation of India, 110070 Delhi, India.
Dorairaj PrabhakaranCentre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries (CCCI), Public Health Foundation of India, 110070 Delhi, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-834X
Arjola BanoInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Stephan J L BakkerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Taulant MukaEpistudia, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3235-3073
Michele F EisengaDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2484-6233

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Context: Sex-specific prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are uncertain. Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether iron biomarkers mediate the association between biological sex and glucose metabolism and the incidence of T2D. Methods: We used data from the general population enrolled in the prospective Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease study in Groningen, The Netherlands. We measured ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), hepcidin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI) levels, and incidence of T2D. We used multivariable regression and mediation analyses to investigate our hypothesis. All iron biomarkers, FPG, and FPI were log-transformed. Results: The mean (SD) age of the 5312 (51.3% female) individuals was 52.2 (11.6) years. Compared with males, females had lower FPG (β = -.01; 95% CI -0.02, -0.01) and FPI (β = -.03; 95% CI -0.05, -0.02) levels. Ferritin, hepcidin, and sTfR showed potential mediating effects on the association between sex and FPG, 21%, 5%, and 7.1%, respectively. Furthermore, these variables mediated 48.6%, 5.7%, and 3.1% of the association between sex and FPI, respectively. Alternatively, TSAT had a suppressive mediating role in the association of sex with FPG and FPI. The incidence of T2D was lower in females than in males (hazard ratio 0.58; 95% CI 0.44, 0.77), with 19.2% of this difference being mediated by ferritin. Conclusion: Iron biomarkers may partially mediate the association between sex and glucose homeostasis. Future studies addressing the causality of our findings are needed.

Indexed as

glucose hemostasisiron biomarkerssextype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID38840960
PMCPMC11150721

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.