ArticleBiology of sex differences2024
Testosterone deficiency promotes arterial stiffening independent of sex chromosome complement.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex Differences and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Androgen receptors protect against thoracic aortic dissection via inhibiting ferroptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in male patients.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- The Role of Testosterone in Atherosclerosis: View From Cell Cultures and Animal Models.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Novel Advances in Our Understanding of Sex-Dependent Control of Blood Pressure.Annual review of physiology · 2026Review
- Immune and Vascular Function in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Interplay With Sex Differences and Impact on Incretin Therapy.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- X's, Y's, and vascular ties: exploring the role of sex chromosomes in arterial stiffness and vascular aging.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism in the downregulation of extracellular matrix genes contributes to aortic stiffness in female mice.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Sex hormone-specific regulation of ferroptosis in vascular cells in atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms and targeted strategies.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex differences and testosterone interfere with the structure of the gut microbiota through the bile acid signaling pathway.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSex hormones and sex chromosomes play a vital role in cardiovascular disease. Testosterone plays a crucial role in men's health. Lower testosterone level is associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic diseases, including inflammation, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Testosterone replacement is beneficial or neutral to men's cardiovascular health. Testosterone deficiency is associated with cardiovascular events. Testosterone supplementation to hypogonadal men improves libido, increases muscle strength, and enhances mood. We hypothesized that sex chromosomes (XX and XY) interaction with testosterone plays a role in arterial stiffening.
methodsWe used four core genotype male mice to understand the inherent contribution of sex hormones and sex chromosome complement in arterial stiffening. Age-matched mice were either gonadal intact or castrated at eight weeks plus an additional eight weeks to clear endogenous sex hormones. This was followed by assessing blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, echocardiography, and ex vivo passive vascular mechanics.
resultsArterial stiffening but not blood pressure was more significant in castrated than testes-intact mice independent of sex chromosome complement. Castrated mice showed a leftward shift in stress-strain curves and carotid wall thinning. Sex chromosome complement (XX) in the absence of testosterone increased collagen deposition in the aorta and Kdm6a gene expression.
conclusionTestosterone deprivation increases arterial stiffening and vascular wall remodeling. Castration increases Col1α1 in male mice with XX sex chromosome complement. Our study shows decreased aortic contractile genes in castrated mice with XX than XY sex chromosomes.
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