Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38849930›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2024

The protective role of cognitive reserve: an empirical study in mild cognitive impairment.

Giulia Marselli, Francesca Favieri, Giuseppe Forte, Ilaria Corbo, Francesca Agostini, Angela Guarino, Maria Casagrande

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  4. Occupational autonomy and cognitive function: the moderating role of educational attainment.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
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  11. Observational
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  14. Review
  15. Functional MRI and cognition in multiple sclerosis-Where are we now?Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Giulia MarselliDepartment of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Francesca FavieriDepartment of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy.
Giuseppe ForteDepartment of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy.
Ilaria CorboDepartment of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Francesca AgostiniDepartment of Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Angela GuarinoSave The Parents, APS, Rome, Italy.
Maria CasagrandeDepartment of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, Rome, 00184, Italy. maria.casagrande@uniroma1.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) describes an aging profile characterized by a cognitive decline that is worse than expected in normal aging but less pervasive and critical than full-blown dementia. In the absence of an effective treatment strategy, it is important to identify factors that can protect against progression to dementia. In this field, it is hypothesized that one aspect that may be a protective factor against the neurotypical outcome of dementia is cognitive reserve (CR). Cognitive reserve is the ability to maintain cognitive functionality despite accumulating brain pathology.

objectivesThe present study aimed to identify and analyze the differences in CR between healthy adults and patients with MCI. Specifically, it is hypothesized that (i) healthy older adult people have higher CR than older adult people diagnosed with MCI, and (II) CR could predict the classification of subjects into people with or without MCI.

methodsTwo hundred forty-three adults (mean age = 60.4, SD = 7.4) participated in the present study and were classified into three groups based on Petersen's MCI criteria: healthy controls (HC), amnestic MCI (aMCI), and non-amnestic MCI (naMCI). The Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq) was administered to assess the level of CR,

findingsResults showed that HC had significantly higher CR scores than participants diagnosed with aMCI and naMCI. Moreover, a binomial logistic regression suggested that low CR was a significant risk factor for the MCI diagnosis.

conclusionsThe clinical picture that emerged from the results showed that lower CR could be considered a characteristic of pathological aging, such as MCI.Public significance statement, Since the brain attempts to cope with life-related changes or pathologies, it is fundamental for both clinicians and researchers to investigate further the factors that contribute to brain resilience. As an indirect expression of brain reserve, cognitive reserve may be both a marker and a predictor of adaptive aging.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionCognitive ReserveAgedAgingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsAgingCognitive reserveMild cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID38849930
PMCPMC11157959

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.