Explainable AI Method for Tinnitus Diagnosis via Neighbor-Augmented Knowledge Graph and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Development and Validation Study.

backgroundTinnitus diagnosis poses a challenge in otolaryngology owing to an extremely complex pathogenesis, lack of effective objectification methods, and factor-affected diagnosis. There is currently a lack of explainable auxiliary diagnostic tools for tinnitus in clinical practice.

objectiveThis study aims to develop a diagnostic model using an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) method to address the issue of low accuracy in tinnitus diagnosis.

methodsIn this study, a knowledge graph-based tinnitus diagnostic method was developed by combining clinical medical knowledge with electronic medical records. Electronic medical record data from 1267 patients were integrated with traditional Chinese clinical medical knowledge to construct a tinnitus knowledge graph. Subsequently, weights were introduced, which measured patient similarity in the knowledge graph based on mutual information values. Finally, a collaborative neighbor algorithm was proposed, which scored patient similarity to obtain the recommended diagnosis. We conducted 2 group experiments and 1 case derivation to explore the effectiveness of our models and compared the models with state-of-the-art graph algorithms and other explainable machine learning models.

resultsThe experimental results indicate that the method achieved 99.4% accuracy, 98.5% sensitivity, 99.6% specificity, 98.7% precision, 98.6% F

conclusionsThis method provides doctors with a reliable and explainable diagnostic tool that is expected to improve tinnitus diagnosis accuracy.