Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38858633›Full record

SynthesisBMC psychiatry2024

Prevalence and associated factors of depression in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jiaxin Li, Fangli Liu, Ziwei Liu, Mengjie Li, Yingying Wang, Yameng Shang, Yuege Li

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Menopause and mental health: clinical evidence and public discourse.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiaxin LiSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China.
Fangli LiuSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China. liufangli1229@hotmail.com.
Ziwei LiuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China.
Mengjie LiSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China.
Yingying WangSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China.
Yameng ShangSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China.
Yuege LiSchool of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, P. R. China.

Funding

Youth Cross Fund General Project (Medical unit), Henan University. S23060Y
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDepression is a prevalent mental health problem in postmenopausal women. Given its significant impact on the quality of life and overall well-being of postmenopausal women, there is need for a comprehensive review and meta-analysis of the existing research globally. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the global prevalence of depression and potential associated factors in postmenopausal women.

methodsThe Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched from inception to March 22, 2023. The meta-analysis used the random-effects model to calculate the prevalence of depression rates and associated factors. In addition, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots, Egger's test, and nonparametric trim-and-fill tests.

resultsThe meta-analysis included 50 studies that involved 385,092 postmenopausal women. The prevalence of depression in postmenopausal women was 28.00% (95% CI, 25.80-30.10). Among the factors relevant to depression among postmenopausal women, marital status (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1.33-3.11), history of mental illness (OR: 2.31, 95%CI: 1.50-3.57), chronic disease (OR: 3.13, 95%CI: 2.20-4.44), menstrual cycle (OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.17-1.72), abortion numbers (OR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.40-1.80), menopausal symptoms (OR: 2.10, 95%CI: 1.52-2.90), and hormone replacement therapy (OR: 1.76, 95%CI: 1.31-2.35) were risk factors, while physical activity (OR: 0.56, 95%CI: 0.53-0.59), number of breastfed infants (OR: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.19-0.97), menopause age (OR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.37-0.51) were preventive factors.

conclusionsThis study demonstrated that the prevalence of postmenopausal depression is high, and some risk factors and protective factors associated with it have been identified. It is necessary to improve screening and management and optimize prevention and intervention strategies to reduce the harmful effects of postmenopausal depression.

Indexed as

PostmenopauseDepressionDepressive DisorderFemaleHumansPrevalenceRisk FactorsDepressionMeta-analysisPostmenopausal women

Identifiers

PMID38858633
PMCPMC11165857

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.