ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Sex differences in cancer and immunotherapy outcomes: the role of androgen receptor.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sex-based heterogeneity in response to first-line immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Dissociated skeletal response to first-line immunotherapy in synchronous bone metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients: Clinical profiles and survival benefit of denosumab adjunction.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting Early Pulmonary Metastasis Risk in Osteosarcoma.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Significant improvement in overall survival with postoperative traditional Chinese medicine in stage I lung adenocarcinoma: a real-world retrospective cohort study.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex-based immune differences influence tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oral oncology · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic deconvolution reveals prognostic immune signatures and immunotherapy-responsive subtypes in male breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Role of Cytokines in Oligometastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Radiation Therapy: An Observational Pilot Study.Biomolecules · 2026Observational
- Personalized Combination Therapy in Bladder Cancer: cAMP Modulators Synergize with 5-FU and Modulate Redox Programs.Cancers · 2026Article
- Independent and joint effects of lifestyle, human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms on cancer risk: findings from the UK Biobank.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- The Effect of HER2 Status on Gastric Cancer Survival and the Clinical Implications of the HER2-Low Definition: A Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Dihydrotestosterone-androgen receptor signaling suppresses EBV-positive gastric cancer through DNA demethylation-mediated viral reactivation.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025Article
- The Predictive Value of Red Cell Distribution Width in End-Stage Colorectal Cancers' 6-Month Palliative Chemotherapy Response-A Single Center's Experience.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Article
- Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Sex-specific differences in abscopal responses to combined radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibition-insights from a multicenter study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Across the wide range of clinical conditions, there exists a sex imbalance where biological females are more prone to autoimmune diseases and males to some cancers. These discrepancies are the combinatory consequence of lifestyle and environmental factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and oncogenic viruses, as well as other intrinsic biological traits including sex chromosomes and sex hormones. While the emergence of immuno-oncology (I/O) has revolutionised cancer care, the efficacy across multiple cancers may be limited because of a complex, dynamic interplay between the tumour and its microenvironment (TME). Indeed, sex and gender can also influence the varying effectiveness of I/O. Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and in shaping the TME. Here, we lay out the epidemiological context of sex disparity in cancer and then review the current literature on how AR signalling contributes to such observation via altered tumour development and immunology. We offer insights into AR-mediated immunosuppressive mechanisms, with the hope of translating preclinical and clinical evidence in gender oncology into improved outcomes in personalised, I/O-based cancer care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.