ArticleEye and vision (London, England)2024
Preliminary study of cyclosporine A/Lifitegrast subconjunctival sustained-release drug membrane in the treatment of dry eyes.
Article in Eye and vision (London, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in dry eye disease: from immunopathological mechanisms to emerging ophthalmic drug delivery systems.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Polyphenol-Loaded Nanodevices as Innovative Therapeutic Strategies for Dry Eye Disease: Advances and Perspectives.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Corneal Mucin-Targeting Liposome Nanoplatforms Enable Effective Treatment of Dry Eye Diseases by Integrated Regulation of Ferroptosis and Inflammation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Multidimensional immunotherapy for dry eye disease: current status and future directions.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDry eyes can cause discomfort. To treat dry eye disease, cyclosporine A (CsA) and Lifitegrast are two eye drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). However, frequent use of eye drops can be challenging and lead to poor compliance, especially in elderly patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a drug sustained-release vector and explore its therapeutic effect in animal models of dry eye.
methodsFirstly, drug membranes loaded with both CsA and Lifitegrast using a carrier called poly(lactate-co-ε-caprolactone) (P(LLA-CL)) were prepared and evaluated for their physicochemical properties, release behavior in vitro, and safety in vivo. Next, a rabbit dry eye model using a 0.1% benzalkonium chloride (BAC) solution was developed and treated by drug-loaded micro membranes. We observed and recorded conjunctival hyperemia, corneal staining, corneal edema, corneal neovascularization, conjunctival goblet cells and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Finally, we detected the MUC5AC and MMP-9 by immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
resultsThe composite film released both CsA and Lifitegrast for at least one month. Compared to the blank membrane group, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal fluorescein staining, corneal edema, corneal neovascularization and conjunctival goblet cells recovered faster in the drug membrane group, and the difference was statistically significant. At the molecular level, the drug membrane group showed an increase in mucin density and a significant anti-inflammatory effect.
conclusionsThe implantation of CsA/Lifitegrast loaded P(LLA-CL) membrane under the subconjunctival of the rabbit eye is safe. The study suggests that this subconjunctival administration could be developed into a minimally invasive delivery system to help patients with dry eye disease who require multiple daily eyedrops but have poor compliance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.