ArticleVaccines2024
Declining Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants Are Enhanced by Hybrid Immunity and Original/Omicron Bivalent Vaccination.
Article in Vaccines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- A booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeting virus variants sustains protective humoral and cellular immunity.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Cross-neutralizing antibody responses among individuals with or without bivalent vaccine: a six-month prospective cohort study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Vaccine Antibody Responses in Two Canadian Cohorts of Persons Living with HIV.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Real-world immune dynamics following COVID-19 vaccination and breakthrough infection: a paired-sample study in Zhejiang Province, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Neutralising antibody responses to emerging SARS-CoV-2 omicron sub-variants are enhanced in persons with hybrid immunity.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Determinants of antibody levels and protection against omicron BQ.1/XBB breakthrough infection.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- From immune evasion to broadFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Long-term COVID-19 vaccine- and Omicron infection-induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We determined neutralizing antibody levels to the ancestral Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 strain and three Omicron variants, namely BA.5, XBB.1.5, and EG.5, in a heavily vaccinated cohort of 178 adults 15-19 months after the initial vaccine series and prospectively after 4 months. Although all participants had detectable neutralizing antibodies to Wuhan, the proportion with detectable neutralizing antibodies to the Omicron variants was decreased, and the levels were lower. Individuals with hybrid immunity at the baseline visit and those receiving the Original/Omicron bivalent vaccine between the two sampling times demonstrated increased neutralizing antibodies to all strains. Both a higher baseline neutralizing antibody titer to Omicron BA.5 and hybrid immunity were associated with protection against a breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection during a 4-month period of follow up during the Omicron BA.5 wave. Neither were associated with protection from a breakthrough infection at 10 months follow up. Receipt of an Original/Omicron BA.4/5 vaccine was associated with protection from a breakthrough infection at both 4 and 10 months follow up. This work demonstrates neutralizing antibody escape with the emerging Omicron variants and supports the use of additional vaccine doses with components that match circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. A threshold value for neutralizing antibodies for protection against reinfection cannot be determined.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.