Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38935902›Full record

SynthesisMedical mycology2024

Cryptococcosis-a systematic review to inform the World Health Organization Fungal Priority Pathogens List.

Aiken Dao, Hannah Yejin Kim, Katherine Garnham, Sarah Kidd, Hatim Sati, John Perfect, Tania C Sorrell, Thomas Harrison, Volker Rickerts, Valeria Gigante and 5 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medical mycology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Limited genome evolution ofASM case reports · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. The heat-ramp method to study regulated cell death in a pathogenic yeastbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Molecular Epidemiology and Antifungal Susceptibility ofInfection and drug resistance · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Aiken DaoSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0631-2975
Hannah Yejin KimSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Katherine GarnhamSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Sarah KiddNational Mycology Reference Centre, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5957-4178
Hatim SatiAMR Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
John PerfectDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Tania C SorrellSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-9460-0960
Thomas HarrisonInstitute of Infection and Immunity, St George's University London, London, UK.
Volker RickertsRobert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Valeria GiganteAMR Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Ana Alastruey-IzquierdoMycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8651-4405
Jan-Willem AlffenaarSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6703-0288
C Orla MorrisseyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia.
Sharon C-A ChenCentre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9983-6603
Justin BeardsleySydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1978-1559

Funding

Evolution of Cryptococcus neoformans Strains from Patients with HIV/AIDSR01AI093257 · NIAID · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI PERFECT, JOHN R. · 2011 to 2022
$3.8M
Ministry of Education and ScienceNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI093257World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryptococcosis causes a high burden of disease worldwide. This systematic review summarizes the literature on Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii infections to inform the World Health Organization's first Fungal Priority Pathogen List. PubMed and Web of Science were used to identify studies reporting on annual incidence, mortality, morbidity, antifungal resistance, preventability, and distribution/emergence in the past 10 years. Mortality rates due to C. neoformans were 41%-61%. Complications included acute renal impairment, raised intracranial pressure needing shunts, and blindness. There was moderate evidence of reduced susceptibility (MIC range 16-32 mg/l) of C. neoformans to fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B. Cryptococcus gattii infections comprised 11%-33% of all cases of invasive cryptococcosis globally. The mortality rates were 10%-23% for central nervous system (CNS) and pulmonary infections, and ∼43% for bloodstream infections. Complications described included neurological sequelae (17%-27% in C. gattii infections) and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. MICs were generally low for amphotericin B (MICs: 0.25-0.5 mg/l), 5-flucytosine (MIC range: 0.5-2 mg/l), itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole (MIC range: 0.06-0.5 mg/l). There is a need for increased surveillance of disease phenotype and outcome, long-term disability, and drug susceptibility to inform robust estimates of disease burden.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsCryptococcosisCryptococcus gattiiCryptococcus neoformansDrug Resistance, FungalWorld Health OrganizationHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAntifungal Agentscryptococcal meningitiscryptococcosisCryptococcus gattiiCryptococcus neoformansinvasive fungal infection

Identifiers

PMID38935902
PMCPMC11210623

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.