ReviewBiological psychiatry2025
Stress and Inflammation Target Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Function: Neural Mechanisms Underlying Weakened Cognitive Control.
Review in Biological psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dynamic Cytokine Relationships Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Humans and Nonhuman Primates-Implications for Psychiatric Illness: A Systematic Review.Biological psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognitive impairment of neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Pro-inflammatory markers interact with spontaneous theta oscillations to predict depression among adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Deep learning-based cognitive impairment brain imaging analysis: New methods, new technologies, and new paradigms.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Unveiling intervention targets: urban-rural disparities in depression-anxiety symptoms networks among Chinese older adults living alone.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Serum Molecular Fingerprints of Oxidative Stress Underlying Neurocognitive and Motor Dysfunction in Pesticide-Exposed Populations.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- Causal Dynamics of Social Gaze in Primate Prefrontal-Amygdala Networks Revealed by Dynamic Bayesian Modeling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Association of Malaysian-MIND Diet Scores with Brain Activation in Older Adults: A Functional MRI Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Review
- Characterizing behavioral effects of early-life stress in an animal model of auditory processing.Physiology & behavior · 2026Article
- Preoperative frontal lobe and global cognitive function as predictors of postoperative delirium after cardiovascular surgery: a predictive and exploratory mediation analysis.Heart and vessels · 2026Article
- α7 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation rescues mitochondrial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus by competing with p66Shc for VDAC1 binding.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Tourette disorder features pervasive neuronal and glial transcriptional remodeling in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Altered subgenual anterior cingulate cortex connectivity in psoriasis patients with depression: a resting-state fMRI case-control study.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Article
- Preliminary study of polyethylene microplastics disrupting energy Metabolism, redox Balance, and prefrontal cortex structure in Wistar rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Reduced left dorsolateral prefrontal activation and right inferior frontal de-oxygenation differ between psychotic and non-psychotic adolescent depression during verbal fluency.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Mechanisms of Suicidal Behavior Formation: A Review.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2026Review
- Early warning indicator system for adolescent student mental health: theoretical construction of the relationship-belief-process-state model.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Olfactory bulbectomy induces neurobiological alterations in the prefrontal cortex and hyperlocomotion in male rats.PloS one · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Most mental disorders involve dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), a recently evolved brain region that subserves working memory, abstraction, and the thoughtful regulation of attention, action, and emotion. For example, schizophrenia, depression, long COVID, and Alzheimer's disease are all associated with dlPFC dysfunction, with neuropathology often being focused in layer III. The dlPFC has extensive top-down projections, e.g., to the posterior association cortices to regulate attention and to the subgenual cingulate cortex via the rostral and medial PFC to regulate emotional responses. However, the dlPFC is particularly dependent on arousal state and is very vulnerable to stress and inflammation, which are etiological and/or exacerbating factors for most mental disorders. The cellular mechanisms by which stress and inflammation impact the dlPFC are a topic of current research and are summarized in this review. For example, the layer III dlPFC circuits that generate working memory-related neuronal firing have unusual neurotransmission, depending on NMDA receptor and nicotinic α7 receptor actions that are blocked under inflammatory conditions by kynurenic acid. These circuits also have unusual neuromodulation, with the molecular machinery to magnify calcium signaling in spines needed to support persistent firing, which must be tightly regulated to prevent toxic calcium actions. Stress rapidly weakens layer III connectivity by driving feedforward calcium-cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) opening of potassium channels on spines. This is regulated by postsynaptic noradrenergic α
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.