SynthesisEye (London, England)2024
Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by Uncorrected Refractive Error: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020.
Synthesis in Eye (London, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Deep learning-empowered low-cost portable automated refraction system: A solution to the inadequate effective correction rate of refractive errors in resource-limited areas.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Trial
- Perceived barriers to eye care use among secondary school students with pinhole-improvable reduced visual acuity in two schools in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Trends and disparities of vision impairment in Mexico from 1990 to 2023: a comparative analysis with Latin America and the Caribbean based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Review
- Agreement and diagnostic accuracy of noncycloplegic retinoscopy, subjective and autorefraction in a young adult Ghanaian population.Ghana medical journal · 2026Article
- The population characteristics and prevalence of visual impairment in a Southern European population.European journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Myopia Prescription Based on Smartphone App: A Feasibility Study in Africa.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Global challenges for lens and cataract research.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Bridging Preclinical and Clinical Gaps in Ocular Therapeutics: Hydrogel Drug Delivery and 3D Tissue Models.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Changes in the prevalence and causes of vision impairment and coverage of services between 2008 and 2024 in Koulikoro, Mali: results from two cross-sectional studies.International health · 2025Article
- Compliance with spectacle use among schoolchildren in a school health programme in Islamabad, Pakistan.International health · 2025Article
- Effective refractive error coverage and quality gaps in Bhutan: evidence from rapid assessment of refractive error.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Impact of Refractive Surgery on Visual Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction: A Six-Month Assessment in Palestine.Cureus · 2025Article
- Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters at Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Patient Preferences and Satisfaction With Refractive Error Correction Methods: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Patient-Centered, Health-Related, and Economic Impact of Under-Corrected Refractive Error in Community-Based Older Singaporean Adults: A Population-Based Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Article
- Myopia in Houston optometry graduates from 2013 to 2023.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2025Article
- Undetected Visual Impairment Among Older People and Its Impact on Vision-Related Quality of Life: A Study Protocol.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUncorrected refractive error (URE) is a readily treatable cause of visual impairment (VI). This study provides updated estimates of global and regional vision loss due to URE, presenting temporal change for VISION 2020
methodsData from population-based eye disease surveys from 1980-2018 were collected. Hierarchical models estimated prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals [UI]) of blindness (presenting visual acuity (VA) < 3/60) and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60 ≤ presenting VA < 6/18) caused by URE, stratified by age, sex, region, and year. Near VI prevalence from uncorrected presbyopia was defined as presenting near VA < N6/N8 at 40 cm when best-corrected distance (VA ≥ 6/12).
resultsIn 2020, 3.7 million people (95%UI 3.10-4.29) were blind and 157 million (140-176) had MSVI due to URE, a 21.8% increase in blindness and 72.0% increase in MSVI since 2000. Age-standardised prevalence of URE blindness and MSVI decreased by 30.5% (30.7-30.3) and 2.4% (2.6-2.2) respectively during this time. In 2020, South Asia GBD super-region had the highest 50+ years age-standardised URE blindness (0.33% (0.26-0.40%)) and MSVI (10.3% (8.82-12.10%)) rates. The age-standardized ratio of women to men for URE blindness was 1.05:1.00 in 2020 and 1.03:1.00 in 2000. An estimated 419 million (295-562) people 50+ had near VI from uncorrected presbyopia, a +75.3% (74.6-76.0) increase from 2000
conclusionsThe number of cases of VI from URE substantively grew, even as age-standardised prevalence fell, since 2000, with a continued disproportionate burden by region and sex. Global population ageing will increase this burden, highlighting urgent need for novel approaches to refractive service delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.