ArticleFrontiers in physiology2024
Development of hepatic steatosis in male and female mule ducks after respective force-feeding programs.
Article in Frontiers in physiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Foie Gras Production: A Literature Review on the Welfare Implications of Force-Feeding of Ducks.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Dynamics and reversibility of hepatic steatosis in male Mule duck.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis and Alternative Splicing Analysis Reveal Key Genes Regulating Overfeeding-Induced Fatty Liver in Lion-Head Goose.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Male and female mule ducks were subjected to a force-feeding diet to induce liver steatosis as it is generally done only with male ducks for the production of foie gras. The different biochemical measurements indicated that the course of hepatic steatosis development was present in both sexes and associated with a huge increase in liver weight mainly due to the synthesis and accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes. In livers of male and female ducks, this lipid accumulation was associated with oxidative stress and hypoxia. However, certain specific modifications (kinetics of lipid droplet development and hepatic inflammation) indicate that female ducks may tolerate force-feeding less well, at least at the hepatic level. This is in contradiction with what is generally reported concerning hepatic steatosis induced by dietary disturbances in mammals but could be explained by the very specific conditions imposed by force-feeding. Despite this, force-feeding female ducks seems entirely feasible, provided that the final quality of the product is as good as that of the male ducks, which will remain to be demonstrated in future studies.
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