SynthesisNature medicine2024
A systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrelapse mortality after CAR T cell therapy.
Synthesis in Nature medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 165 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
165 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cellular therapy in mantle cell lymphoma: recommendations from the EBMT practice harmonisation and guidelines committee.Bone marrow transplantation · 2026Guideline
- Non-ICANS neurologic toxicity after BCMA CAR-T therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4630 patients with multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2026Pooled it
- A new hope with CAR T-cell therapy for refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a systematic review.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Rethinking secondary immunodeficiency: a cross-domain pathway framework for risk stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative infection risk in CAR T vs bispecific antibodies in B-cell lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Blood advances · 2025Pooled it
- Non-relapse mortality with bispecific antibodies: A systematic review and meta-analysis in lymphoma and multiple myeloma.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Predictive value of preclinical models for CAR-T cell therapy clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell in the treatment of hematologic malignancy: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- CAR T-cells vs. bispecific antibodies as third- or later-line treatment for relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: a literature review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Second Primary Malignancies after CAR T-Cell Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 5,517 Lymphoma and Myeloma Patients.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Pooled it
- Best Practice Considerations by The American Society of Transplant and Cellular Therapy: Infection Prevention and Management After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy for Hematological Malignancies.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2024Guideline
- Ciltacabtagene autoleucel in high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma: the CAR-PRISM phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- [Long-term follow up of efficiency and safety of CD19-CAR T-cell treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus].Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie · 2025Trial
- Feasibility of axicabtagene ciloleucel in the outpatient setting: primary analysis of prospective trial.Bone marrow transplantation · 2025Trial
- The burdens, coping strategies, and unmet needs of family caregivers of Chinese patients with lymphoma receiving commercial CAR-T-cell therapy: A qualitative study.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- The SPIZ study: rationale and protocol of a randomized controlled trial to optimize interdisciplinary care of patients following cellular therapy through a digitally supported, cross-regional and cross-sectoral care model.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Better late than never: risks of late cytopenias after CAR T.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Second Primary Malignancy Risk in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Receiving CAR T-cell Therapy or Other Systemic Anticancer Treatments: A Real-World Comparative Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- CRS and ICANS: Early detection and personalized management.Blood research · 2026Review
- Changes in C-Reactive Protein Forecast Infection Risk Following Treatment with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells.Cancers · 2026Article
105 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents a transformative immunotherapy, it is also associated with distinct toxicities that contribute to morbidity and mortality. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL (Cochrane) for reports of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) after CAR T cell therapy in lymphoma and multiple myeloma up to March 2024. After extraction of causes and numbers of death, we analyzed NRM point estimates using random-effect models. We identified 7,604 patients across 18 clinical trials and 28 real-world studies. NRM point estimates varied across disease entities and were highest in patients with mantle-cell lymphoma (10.6%), followed by multiple myeloma (8.0%), large B cell lymphoma (6.1%) and indolent lymphoma (5.7%). Entity-specific meta-regression models for large B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma revealed that axicabtagene ciloleucel and ciltacabtagene autoleucel were independently associated with increased NRM point estimates, respectively. Of 574 reported nonrelapse deaths, over half were attributed to infections (50.9%), followed by other malignancies (7.8%) and cardiovascular/respiratory events (7.3%). Conversely, the CAR T cell-specific side effects, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome/neurotoxicity, cytokine release syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, represented only a minority of nonrelapse deaths (cumulatively 11.5%). Our findings underline the critical importance of infectious complications after CAR T cell therapy and support the comprehensive reporting of NRM, including specific causes and long-term outcomes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.