ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
Macrophages and HLA-Class II Alleles in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights in Therapeutic Dynamics.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unraveling Neurodegeneration: Common Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Concepts in Major Neurodegenerative Disorders.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Demyelinating Diseases: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies-3rd Edition.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Immune-Related Gene Variants as Modifiers of Multiple Sclerosis Severity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Mitochondria as a Therapeutic Target in Neurodegeneration: Strategies for Restoring Cellular Homeostasis.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Immune microenvironment dynamics in pregnant patients with concomitant autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, challenges, and clinical significance.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Metrnl and macrophage polarization: role in skeletal muscle homeostasis and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Exploring macrophage polarization: biological insights, key laboratory techniques and research perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- HLA polymorphism in neuroimmune diseases: linking antigen presentation to neuroinflammatory programs.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Multiple sclerosis and autoimmunity: a reappraisal of the evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- AI-enhanced clinical trial-in-a-dish platform for improved DILI risk classification and mechanistic insights into hepatotoxicity.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Article
- Multiple sclerosis pathophysiology: a comprehensive review of genetic, environmental, and immunological drivers.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Molecular Mimicry: An Immunoinformatic Screen for Cross-Reactive Autoantigen Candidates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Epigenetic and Mitochondrial Metabolic Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis: A Review of Herbal Drug Approaches and Current Clinical Trials.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Causality effect of 21 metals in plasma and serum, 731 immunocytes, and schizophrenia: an intermediary Mendelian randomization study in East Asian populations.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Advancing Treatment in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: The Promise of B-Cell-Targeting Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antigen presentation is a crucial mechanism that drives the T cell-mediated immune response and the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Genetic alterations within the highly variable Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II (MHC II) have been proven to result in significant changes in the molecular basis of antigen presentation and the clinical course of patients with both Adult-Onset MS (AOMS) and Pediatric-Onset MS (POMS). Among the numerous polymorphisms of the Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA), within MHC II complex, HLA-
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.