ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2024
Health Care Expenditures and Use Associated with Hypertension Among U.S. Adults.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adoption, implementation, and evaluation of the HEARTS initiative on blood pressure outcomes: a quality improvement project in a large healthcare system in the United States.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Pannexin 1 phosphorylation sites differentially modulate channel activity and physiological outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pharmacist participation as providers in Ohio Medicaid: an analysis of claims, services, and billing patterns, 2021-2025.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- AMCP Market Insights: Getting to the heart of hard-to-control hypertension in managed care.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Updates in the 2025 AHA/ACC Hypertension Guideline.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Remote Patient Monitoring in Louisiana Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes or Hypertension: Retrospective Cohort Study of 2016-2020 Claims Data.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Investigating Endogenous Hypercortisolism Prevalence in a U.S. Population With Resistant Hypertension: MOMENTUM Rationale and Design.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Hypertension in Women Across the Life Cycle: Unique Aspects and Challenges.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- The association between cardiometabolic index and hypertension-diabetes comorbidity among adults aged 45 and older: evidence from two national databases.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Resistant hypertension: Epidemiology, mechanisms and contemporary therapeutic strategies.Heart international · 2026Review
- Gender and Age Differences in Hypertension Screening and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Rural Kazakhstan.Vascular health and risk management · 2026Article
- Propensity score matching assessment of direct medical charges for patients with healthcare-associated infections.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Review
- Chronic Stress Induces Sex-Specific Renal Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mice.Function (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- A Rising Crisis: Escalating Burden of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension-Related Mortality Trends in the United States, 2000-2023.Clinical cardiology · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study seeks to estimate health care expenditures and use associated with hypertension, focusing on differences among racial and ethnic groups.
methodsData were from the 2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, analyzed in 2023. The study sample included noninstitutionalized U.S. adults aged ≥18 years. Outcome variables were health care expenditures and events. Hypertension was determined by a self-reported diagnosis or diagnosis codes. Race and ethnicity were self-reported. A 2-part model was used to estimate expenditures associated with hypertension. A zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to estimate events associated with hypertension. Sampling designs were applied to generate nationally representative estimates.
resultsHypertension was associated with $2,759 (95% confidence interval [CI]: $2,039, $3,479) in health care expenditures and 10.3 (95% CI: 9.3, 11.3) health care events, including prescriptions filled, in 2019 per person. Compared with non-Hispanic White adults, hypertension-associated health care expenditures were significantly lower among Hispanic adults (difference: -$1,877; 95% CI: -$3,389, -$364) and Asian adults (difference: -$2,452; 95% CI: -$4,093, -$811), and hypertension-associated health care events were significantly lower among Hispanic adults (difference: -3.8; 95% CI: -6.1, -1.6) and non-Hispanic Asian adults (difference: -4.1; 95% CI: -6.9, -1.2). Differences between non-Hispanic White adults and non-Hispanic Black adults were not statistically significant in health care expenditures (difference: -$954; 95% CI: -$2,849, $941) and events (difference: 0.3; 95% CI: -2.1, 2.8).
conclusionsThis study reveals differences in health care expenditures and use associated with hypertension among racial and ethnic groups. Future studies are needed to examine potential drivers of these differences.
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