Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39019869›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Cockayne Syndrome Linked to Elevated R-Loops Induced by Stalled RNA Polymerase II during Transcription Elongation.

Xuan Zhang, Jun Xu, Jing Hu, Sitao Zhang, Yajing Hao, Dongyang Zhang, Hao Qian, Dong Wang, Xiang-Dong Fu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Topology Resetting During Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Transcription-Coupled Repair and R-Loop Crosstalk in Genome Stability.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Clinical and genetic analysis ofFrontiers in genetics · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xuan Zhang *Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Jun Xu *Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-1360-2778
Jing Hu *Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Sitao ZhangNational Institute of Biological Sciences,7 Science Park Road, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2956-725X
Yajing HaoDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Dongyang ZhangDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Hao QianSichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Dong WangDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dow003@health.ucsd.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-2829-1546
Xiang-Dong FuWestlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. fuxiangdong@westlake.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0001-5499-8732

Funding

Functional RNA elements in the human genomeR01HG004659 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Kevin Daniel Corbett, Eugene Wei-Ming Yeo · 2008 to 2026
$12.4M
FUNCTION &REGULATION OF THE HUMAN SPLICING FACTOR SC35R01GM049369 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI FU, XIANG-DONG · 1993 to 2018
$7.2M
Molecular Mechanisms for DNA Damage Processing by Transcription MachineryR01GM102362 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI WANG, DONG · 2013 to 2025
$5.6M
Regulation of RNA metabolism and cell growth control by SR protein kinasesR01GM052872 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DOWDY, STEVEN F · 1996 to 2019
$5.4M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004659NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM049369NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM052872NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM102362
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mutations in the Cockayne Syndrome group B (CSB) gene cause cancer in mice, but premature aging and severe neurodevelopmental defects in humans. CSB, a member of the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodelers, plays diverse roles in regulating gene expression and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER); however, these functions do not explain the distinct phenotypic differences observed between CSB-deficient mice and humans. During investigating Cockayne Syndrome-associated genome instability, we uncover an intrinsic mechanism that involves elongating RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) undergoing transient pauses at internal T-runs where CSB is required to propel RNAPII forward. Consequently, CSB deficiency retards RNAPII elongation in these regions, and when coupled with G-rich sequences upstream, exacerbates genome instability by promoting R-loop formation. These R-loop prone motifs are notably abundant in relatively long genes related to neuronal functions in the human genome, but less prevalent in the mouse genome. These findings provide mechanistic insights into differential impacts of CSB deficiency on mice versus humans and suggest that the manifestation of the Cockayne Syndrome phenotype in humans results from the progressive evolution of mammalian genomes.

Indexed as

Cockayne SyndromeDNA HelicasesDNA Repair EnzymesGenomic InstabilityPoly-ADP-Ribose Binding ProteinsR-Loop StructuresRNA Polymerase IIAnimalsDNA RepairHumansMiceMice, KnockoutTranscription Elongation, GeneticDNA HelicasesDNA Repair EnzymesERCC6 protein, humanErcc6 protein, mousePoly-ADP-Ribose Binding ProteinsRNA Polymerase II

Identifiers

PMID39019869
PMCPMC11255242

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.