Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39023174›Full record

ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2024

Carbon Dots: A Review with Focus on Sustainability.

Junkai Ren, Henry Opoku, Shi Tang, Ludvig Edman, Jia Wang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. One-Step Fabrication of N,S-Codoped Carbon Dots fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Ultra-Sensitive Gas Sensor Based on CDs@ZnO.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Junkai RenThe Organic Photonics and Electronics Group, Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5099-8345
Henry OpokuThe Organic Photonics and Electronics Group, Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.
Shi TangThe Organic Photonics and Electronics Group, Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-5918
Ludvig EdmanThe Organic Photonics and Electronics Group, Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2495-7037
Jia WangThe Organic Photonics and Electronics Group, Department of Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-90187, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-8132

Funding

Bertil and Britt Svenssons Stiftelse för Belysningsteknik 2021 höst-14Bertil and Britt Svenssons Stiftelse för Belysningsteknik 2022 höst-31European Research Council 101096650HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council 101096650Kempe Foundation SMK-1956Kempe Foundation SMK-21-0015Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation WISE-AP01-D02Swedish Research Council 2020-04437
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are an emerging class of nanomaterials with attractive optical properties, which promise to enable a variety of applications. An important and timely question is whether CDs can become a functional and sustainable alternative to incumbent optical nanomaterials, notably inorganic quantum dots. Herein, the current CD literature is comprehensively reviewed as regards to their synthesis and function, with a focus on sustainability aspects. The study quantifies why it is attractive that CDs can be synthesized with biomass as the sole starting material and be free from toxic and precious metals and critical raw materials. It further describes and analyzes employed pretreatment, chemical-conversion, purification, and processing procedures, and highlights current issues with the usage of solvents, the energy and material efficiency, and the safety and waste management. It is specially shown that many reported synthesis and processing methods are concerningly wasteful with the utilization of non-sustainable solvents and energy. It is finally recommended that future studies should explicitly consider and discuss the environmental influence of the selected starting material, solvents, and generated byproducts, and that quantitative information on the required amounts of solvents, consumables, and energy should be provided to enable an evaluation of the presented methods in an upscaled sustainability context.

Indexed as

biomasscarbon dotsenergy consumptiongreen solventsoptical propertiessustainabilitysynthesis

Identifiers

PMID39023174
PMCPMC11425242

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.