Evidence mapPaperPMID 39030495Full record

ArticleBMC medical research methodology2024

The performance of a Bayesian value-based sequential clinical trial design in the presence of an equivocal cost-effectiveness signal: evidence from the HERO trial.

Charlie Welch, Martin Forster, Sarah Ronaldson, Ada Keding, Belen Corbacho-Martín, Puvan Tharmanathan

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Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A Pragmatic Bayesian Adaptive Trial Design Based on the Value of Information: The Value-Driven Adaptive Design.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2026
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Charlie WelchYork Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK. charlie.welch@york.ac.uk.
Martin ForsterDepartment of Statistical Sciences 'Paolo Fortunati', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Sarah RonaldsonYork Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Ada KedingYork Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Belen Corbacho-MartínYork Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Puvan TharmanathanYork Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Funding

UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) CTU Support Funding scheme (2019 call)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is increasing interest in the capacity of adaptive designs to improve the efficiency of clinical trials. However, relatively little work has investigated how economic considerations - including the costs of the trial - might inform the design and conduct of adaptive clinical trials.

methodsWe apply a recently published Bayesian model of a value-based sequential clinical trial to data from the 'Hydroxychloroquine Effectiveness in Reducing symptoms of hand Osteoarthritis' (HERO) trial. Using parameters estimated from the trial data, including the cost of running the trial, and using multiple imputation to estimate the accumulating cost-effectiveness signal in the presence of missing data, we assess when the trial would have stopped had the value-based model been used. We used re-sampling methods to compare the design's operating characteristics with those of a conventional fixed length design.

resultsIn contrast to the findings of the only other published retrospective application of this model, the equivocal nature of the cost-effectiveness signal from the HERO trial means that the design would have stopped the trial close to, or at, its maximum planned sample size, with limited additional value delivered via savings in research expenditure.

conclusionEvidence from the two retrospective applications of this design suggests that, when the cost-effectiveness signal in a clinical trial is unambiguous, the Bayesian value-adaptive design can stop the trial before it reaches its maximum sample size, potentially saving research costs when compared with the alternative fixed sample size design. However, when the cost-effectiveness signal is equivocal, the design is expected to run to, or close to, the maximum sample size and deliver limited savings in research costs.

Indexed as

Bayes TheoremCost-Benefit AnalysisOsteoarthritisResearch DesignAdaptive Clinical Trials as TopicClinical Trials as TopicHumansHydroxychloroquineSample SizeHydroxychloroquine

Identifiers

PMID39030495
PMCPMC11264712

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.