ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence reports2024
Fentanyl, carfentanil and other fentanyl analogues in Canada's illicit opioid supply: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fentanyl purity and overdose decline: A reexamination of geographic trends.Science advances · 2026Article
- Safer supply deprescribing during a toxic drug poisoning crisis in Vancouver, Canada.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Methadone vs Buprenorphine-Naloxone in Opioid Overdose Survivors.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Fentanyl Purity and Overdose Decline: A Reexamination of Geographic Trends.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Trends in fentanyl-containing drug samples seized by law enforcement agencies across Canada.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Non-medical opioid (NMO) use in Canadian adolescents: Trends, risk factors, and regional variations.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Temporal and regional associations between fentanyl concentrations in the unregulated drug supply and drug-related mortality in British Columbia, Canada.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Risk reduction behaviours following the detection of unexpected drugs through community drug checking: a cross-sectional study.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- How population-level drug supply data are integrated into health outcomes research: a scoping review.Epidemiologic reviews · 2026Article
- Opioid dispensing prior to opioid toxicity hospitalizations and emergency department visits in Canada, 2018-2022.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Initiation and Dose of Methadone Monotherapy vs Combination Therapy, 2015 to 2023.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Duration of Methadone and Buprenorphine-Naloxone Treatment.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The rise and fall of carfentanil in Toronto's unregulated drug supply.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Bivalent Hapten Display Strategies for Conjugate Vaccines Targeting Opioid Mixtures Containing Fentanyl.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2025Article
- Using illicit drugs alone in Vancouver, Canada: a gender-based analysis.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- Circumstances surrounding opioid toxicity deaths within shelters in Ontario, Canada, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based descriptive cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Scoping review of associations between cytochrome P450 3A4/5 single nucleotide polymorphisms and risk factors for fentanyl overdose.PharmacogenomicsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Despite the increase in fentanyl-involved overdose deaths in Canada, there have been no national-level studies evaluating the proportion of illicit opioids containing fentanyl or fentanyl analogues in Canada. Methods: This cross-sectional exploratory study characterized trends in fentanyl, carfentanil and other fentanyl analogues within opioids seized by law enforcement agencies in Canada from 2012 to 2022 and submitted to the Health Canada Drug Analysis Service (DAS). Analyses were stratified by province/region. Mann-Kandell tests were used to test for trends. Results: A total of 157,616 samples containing any opioid ("opioid-containing samples") were submitted to the DAS from Canadian provinces between 2012 and 2022, of which 81,165 (51.5%) contained fentanyl or a fentanyl analogue. The percentage of opioid-containing samples that were positive for fentanyl or a fentanyl analogue increased from 3.0% (95% CI: 2.6-3.4%) in 2012-68.3% (67.7-68.9%) in 2022 (p < 0.001 for trend). The percentage of opioid-containing samples that were positive for fentanyl or a fentanyl analogue increased between 2012 and 2022 in all regions. In 2022, the percentage of samples containing fentanyl or an analogue followed an east-to-west gradient: 15.8% (13.3-18.6%) of samples in Atlantic Canada and 84.7% (83.6-85.7%) in British Columbia. Carfentanil was present in 4.9% (4.6-5.2%) of opioid-containing samples in Canada in 2022 and 19.7% (18.3-21.2%) of opioid-containing samples in Alberta. Conclusions: The illicit opioid supply in Canada increasingly contains toxic synthetic opioids. As of 2022, important regional differences existed in the illicit opioid supply in Canada.
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