Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39048797›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2024

The correlation between CpG methylation and gene expression is driven by sequence variants.

Olafur Andri Stefansson, Brynja Dogg Sigurpalsdottir, Solvi Rognvaldsson, Gisli Hreinn Halldorsson, Kristinn Juliusson, Gardar Sveinbjornsson, Bjarni Gunnarsson, Doruk Beyter, Hakon Jonsson, Sigurjon Axel Gudjonsson and 22 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed.

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  11. Review
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  13. The gene-like promoter and transcription of LTR retrotransposons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

Olafur Andri StefanssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland. olafurs@decode.is.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9663-3018
Brynja Dogg SigurpalsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5227-2372
Solvi RognvaldssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Gisli Hreinn HalldorssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7067-9862
Kristinn JuliussondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Gardar SveinbjornssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2429-9468
Bjarni GunnarssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Doruk BeyterdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Hakon JonssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6197-494X
Sigurjon Axel GudjonssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Thorunn Asta OlafsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5454-938X
Saedis SaevarsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-6184
Magnus Karl MagnussondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8593-4934
Sigrun Helga LunddeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3806-2296
Vinicius TragantedeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-8957
Asmundur OddssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-5163
Marteinn Thor HardarsondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-8601
Hannes Petur EggertssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-9978
Reynir L GudmundssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Sverrir SverrissondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Michael L FriggedeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2984-535X
Florian ZinkdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Hilma HolmdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9517-6636
Hreinn StefanssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Thorunn RafnardeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0491-7046
Ingileif JonsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-150X
Patrick SulemdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7123-6123
Agnar HelgasondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-3767
Daniel F GudbjartssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-9857
Bjarni V HalldorssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0756-0767
Unnur ThorsteinsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Kari StefanssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland. kstefans@decode.is.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-864X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene promoter and enhancer sequences are bound by transcription factors and are depleted of methylated CpG sites (cytosines preceding guanines in DNA). The absence of methylated CpGs in these sequences typically correlates with increased gene expression, indicating a regulatory role for methylation. We used nanopore sequencing to determine haplotype-specific methylation rates of 15.3 million CpG units in 7,179 whole-blood genomes. We identified 189,178 methylation depleted sequences where three or more proximal CpGs were unmethylated on at least one haplotype. A total of 77,789 methylation depleted sequences (~41%) associated with 80,503 cis-acting sequence variants, which we termed allele-specific methylation quantitative trait loci (ASM-QTLs). RNA sequencing of 896 samples from the same blood draws used to perform nanopore sequencing showed that the ASM-QTL, that is, DNA sequence variability, drives most of the correlation found between gene expression and CpG methylation. ASM-QTLs were enriched 40.2-fold (95% confidence interval 32.2, 49.9) among sequence variants associating with hematological traits, demonstrating that ASM-QTLs are important functional units in the noncoding genome.

Indexed as

CpG IslandsDNA MethylationQuantitative Trait LociAllelesGene Expression RegulationGenetic VariationGenome, HumanHaplotypesHumansNanopore SequencingPromoter Regions, Genetic

Identifiers

PMID39048797
PMCPMC11319203

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.