ReviewBiomedicines2024
Cerebral Microbleeds Associate with Brain Endothelial Cell Activation-Dysfunction and Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction/Disruption with Increased Risk of Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke.
Review in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Infratentorial cerebral microbleeds and brain age gap in stroke patients: a cross-sectional neuroimaging study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Eicosapentaenoic acid reprograms cerebrovascular metabolism and impairs repair after brain injury, with relevance to chronic traumatic encephalopathy.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's Disease as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Dysregulation.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Epigenetic Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells During Development and Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Deep learning-based detection of cerebral microbleeds on 2D T2*-weighted GRE MRI: toward ARIA-H risk assessment in Alzheimer's treatment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance in cerebral small vessel disease: a mini review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Oxytocin-mediated neuroprotection in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms, therapeutic potential and clinical translational prospects.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Prospective study of primary aldosteronism in acute ischemic stroke: association with small vessel disease.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's disease patient brain extracts induce multiple pathologies in novel vascularized neuroimmune organoids for disease modeling and drug discovery.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Common and distinct circulating microRNAs in four neurovascular disorders.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Navigating Neurodegeneration: Integrating Biomarkers, Neuroinflammation, and Imaging in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Motor Neuron Disorders.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Deep medullary vein dysfunction is associated with cerebral microbleeds in cerebral small vessel disease.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Atherosclerosis index and BMI: new predictors of cognitive function in ischemic survivors.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Sodium Thiosulfate: An Innovative Multi-Target Repurposed Treatment Strategy for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Globally, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are increasingly being viewed not only as a marker for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) but also as having an increased risk for the development of stroke (hemorrhagic/ischemic) and aging-related dementia. Recently, brain endothelial cell activation and dysfunction and blood-brain barrier dysfunction and/or disruption have been shown to be associated with SVD, enlarged perivascular spaces, and the development and evolution of CMBs. CMBs are a known disorder of cerebral microvessels that are visualized as 3-5 mm, smooth, round, or oval, and hypointense (black) lesions seen only on T2*-weighted gradient recall echo or susceptibility-weighted sequences MRI images. CMBs are known to occur with high prevalence in community-dwelling older individuals. Since our current global population is the oldest recorded in history and is only expected to continue to grow, we can expect the healthcare burdens associated with CMBs to also grow. Increased numbers (≥10) of CMBs should raise a red flag regarding the increased risk of large symptomatic neurologic intracerebral hemorrhages. Importantly, CMBs are also currently regarded as markers of diffuse vascular and neurodegenerative brain damage. Herein author highlights that it is essential to learn as much as we can about CMB development, evolution, and their relation to impaired cognition, dementia, and the exacerbation of neurodegeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.