ArticleWorld journal of gastrointestinal oncology2024
Immune effect and prognosis of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in World journal of gastrointestinal oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of Pre-Transplant Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy With Tumor Response and Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study of 427 Patients.World journal of surgery · 2026Observational
- Local-regional therapy plus ICIs, chemotherapy, and lenvatinib versus ICIs plus chemotherapy in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Research progress and frontier trends in liver cancer immunotherapy in the post-COVID-19 era (2020-2024): a visualization analysis based on bibliometric methods.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of local-regional therapy combined with chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors and lenvatinib as first-line treatment in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- First-line treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity-matched analysis of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with TACE, with or without PD-1 inhibitors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Targeted therapy for liver cancer: Current status and future directions.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Iberverin Downregulates GPX4 and SLC7A11 to Induce Ferroptotic Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe combination of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has shown broad prospects in prolonging the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE and TKIs can affect the immune microenvironment in patients with HCC.
aimTo determine the overall effects and differences between TACE and different TKIs combinations on the immune microenvironment.
methodsData and immune cell profile test results from 213 HCC patients treated with TACE combined with apatinib, lenvatinib, sorafenib, or donafenib before and after 3 wk of treatment were collected. Monocytes were co-cultured with LM3 liver cancer cells, and their ability to inhibit cancer cell growth was analyzed using the MTT method and a nude mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment. Simulated combined therapy was done using an
resultsCompared to before combination therapy, the proportion of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)+ mononuclear cells and the number of CD4+ T cells decreased in the TACE + apatinib group, while the number of absolute count of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells increased in the TACE + lenvatinib group. Furthermore, the number of regulatory cells decreased in the TACE + donafenib group, whereas the number of CD8+ T and natural killer cells increased. Additionally, monocytes in the TACE combined with donafenib or lenvatinib groups had a stronger ability to inhibit cancer cell growth than those in the other groups. Combining TACE with donafenib or lenvatinib increased CD8+ T cell infiltration into the tumor tissue. In addition, the proportion of PD-1+ in CD8+ cells, absolute CD8+ T lymphocyte count, and regulatory T cells proportion were independent prognostic factors affecting the survival time of patients with HCC.
conclusionTACE, in combination with different TKIs, produces different immune responses. Specifically, TACE combined with donafenib or lenvatinib may induce strong anti-tumor immune responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.