Evidence mapPaperPMID 39078136Full record

ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2024

The immunobiology of corneal HSV-1 infection and herpetic stromal keratitis.

Ferrin Antony, Divya Kinha, Anna Nowińska, Barry T Rouse, Amol Suryawanshi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  7. Host-directed novel mechanistic insights of doxorubicin reveal its efficacy against drug-resistant HSV-1 underscoring risks with oncolytic virotherapy.Drug resistance updates : reviews and commentaries in antimicrobial and anticancer chemotherapy · 2026
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  9. Review
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  16. Article
  17. Sumac Polyphenols as Pan-Herpesvirus Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ferrin AntonyDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9269-3614
Divya KinhaDepartment of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-6848-2525
Anna NowińskaClinical Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
Barry T RouseCollege of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8829-0334
Amol SuryawanshiDepartment of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5031-5818

Funding

MECHANISMS IN HERPETIC STROMAL KERATITISR01EY005093 · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE · 1985 to 2005
$2.0M
IMMUNITY MECHANISMS IN HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONSR01AI014981 · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KNOXVILLE · 1985 to 2005
$1.7M
Il-27-mediated immunoregulation in HSV-1 induced stromal keratitisR01EY034495 · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · 2025 to 2025
$386k
HHS | NIH | National Eye Institute (NEI) R01EY034495, R15EY035057NEI NIH HHS R01 EY005093NEI NIH HHS R01 EY034495NEI NIH HHS R15 EY035057NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI014981
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SUMMARYHuman alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1) is a highly successful neurotropic pathogen that primarily infects the epithelial cells lining the orofacial mucosa. After primary lytic replication in the oral, ocular, and nasal mucosal epithelial cells, HSV-1 establishes life-long latency in neurons within the trigeminal ganglion. Patients with compromised immune systems experience frequent reactivation of HSV-1 from latency, leading to virus entry in the sensory neurons, followed by anterograde transport and lytic replication at the innervated mucosal epithelial surface. Although recurrent infection of the corneal mucosal surface is rare, it can result in a chronic immuno-inflammatory condition called herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). HSK leads to gradual vision loss and can cause permanent blindness in severe untreated cases. Currently, there is no cure or successful vaccine to prevent latent or recurrent HSV-1 infections, posing a significant clinical challenge to managing HSK and preventing vision loss. The conventional clinical management of HSK primarily relies on anti-virals to suppress HSV-1 replication, anti-inflammatory drugs (such as corticosteroids) to provide symptomatic relief from pain and inflammation, and surgical interventions in more severe cases to replace damaged cornea. However, each clinical treatment strategy has limitations, such as local and systemic drug toxicities and the emergence of anti-viral-resistant HSV-1 strains. In this review, we summarize the factors and immune cells involved in HSK pathogenesis and highlight alternate therapeutic strategies for successful clinical management of HSK. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of immunoregulatory cytokines and immunometabolism modulators as promising HSK therapies against emerging anti-viral-resistant HSV-1 strains.

Indexed as

Herpesvirus 1, HumanKeratitis, HerpeticAnimalsAntiviral AgentsHumansAntiviral Agentsacyclovir-resistant HSV-1herpes keratitisHSKHSV-1IFN-λimmunopathologyinterferonsISGsneutrophils

Identifiers

PMID39078136
PMCPMC11391706

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.