ArticleGenome biology and evolution2024
Evolution of the Genetic Code in the Ascoideales (CUG-Ser2) Yeast Clade: The Ancestral tRNA-Leu(CAG) Gene Is Retained in Most Saccharomycopsis Species but Is Nonessential and Not Used for Translation.
Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Chromosome-scale genome assembly and characterization of Saccharomycopsis schoenii, a necrotrophic predatory yeast.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Biotechnological applications of D-xylose-fermenting autochthonous yeasts in lignocellulosic biorefineries.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2026Review
- Converting Blastocrithidia Nonstop, a Trypanosomatid With Non-Canonical Genetic Code, Into a Genetically-Tractable Model.Molecular microbiology · 2025Article
- Ancient origin and high diversity of zymocin-like killer toxins in the budding yeast subphylum.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
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Abstract
In the yeast genera Saccharomycopsis and Ascoidea, which comprise the taxonomic order Ascoideales, nuclear genes use a nonstandard genetic code in which CUG codons are translated as serine instead of leucine, due to a tRNA-Ser with the unusual anticodon CAG. However, some species in this clade also retain an ancestral tRNA-Leu gene with the same anticodon. One of these species, Ascoidea asiatica, has been shown to have a stochastic proteome in which proteins contain ∼50% Ser and 50% Leu at CUG codon sites, whereas previously examined Saccharomycopsis species translate CUG only as Ser. Here, we investigated the presence, conservation, and possible functionality of the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene in the genus Saccharomycopsis. We sequenced the genomes of 23 strains that, together with previously available data, include almost every known species of this genus. We found that most Saccharomycopsis species have genes for both tRNA-Leu(CAG) and tRNA-Ser(CAG). However, tRNA-Leu(CAG) has been lost in Saccharomycopsis synnaedendra and Saccharomycopsis microspora, and its predicted cloverleaf structure is aberrant in all the other Saccharomycopsis species. We deleted the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene of Saccharomycopsis capsularis and found that it is not essential. Proteomic analyses in vegetative and sporulating cultures of S. capsularis and Saccharomycopsis fermentans showed only translation of CUG as Ser. Despite its unusual structure, the tRNA-Leu(CAG) gene shows evidence of sequence conservation among Saccharomycopsis species, particularly in its acceptor stem and leucine identity elements, which suggests that it may have been retained in order to carry out an unknown nontranslational function.
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