Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39085911›Full record

ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2024

A multifunctional PEGylated liposomal-encapsulated sunitinib enhancing autophagy, immunomodulation, and safety in renal cell carcinoma.

Po-Fu Yueh, Chih-Sheng Chiang, I-Jung Tsai, Yun-Long Tseng, He-Ru Chen, Keng-Li Lan, Fei-Ting Hsu

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Po-Fu YuehInstitute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 6th Floor, Shouren Building, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC.
Chih-Sheng ChiangGraduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
I-Jung TsaiCell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
Yun-Long TsengTaiwan Liposome Company, Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
He-Ru ChenTaiwan Liposome Company, Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Keng-Li Lan *Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 6th Floor, Shouren Building, No. 155, Section 2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, ROC. kllan@vghtpe.gov.tw.
Fei-Ting Hsu *Department of Biology Science and Technology, China Medical University, 7F, Research Building, No. 100, Jingmao 1st Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung City, 406, Taiwan, ROC. sakiro920@mail.cmu.edu.tw.

Funding

China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan CMU112-MF-53National Science and Technology Council, Taipei, Taiwan NSTC 112-2314-B-039-063 -MY3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSunitinib is a multikinase inhibitor used to treat patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, sunitinib toxicity makes it a double-edged sword. Potent immune modulation by sunitinib extends to nuclear interactions. To address these issues, there is an urgent need for delivery vectors suitable for sunitinib treatment.

methodsWe developed PEGylated liposomes as delivery vectors to precisely target sunitinib (lipo-sunitinib) to RCC tumors. Further investigations, including RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), were performed to evaluate transcriptomic changes in these pathways. DiI/DiR-labeled lipo-sunitinib was used for the biodistribution analysis. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to examine immune modulation in orthotopic RCC models.

resultsThe evaluation of results indicated that lipo-sunitinib precisely targeted the tumor site to induce autophagy and was readily taken up by RCC tumor cells. In addition, transcriptomic assays revealed that following lipo-sunitinib treatment, autophagy, antigen presentation, cytokine, and chemokine production pathways were upregulated, whereas the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway was downregulated. In vivo data provided evidence supporting the inhibitory effect of lipo-sunitinib on RCC tumor progression and metastasis. Flow cytometry further demonstrated that liposunitinib increased the infiltration of effector T cells (Teffs) and conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) into the tumor. Furthermore, systemic immune organs such as the tumor-draining lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow exhibited upregulated anticancer immunity following lipo-sunitinib treatment.

conclusionOur findings demonstrated that lipo-sunitinib is distributed at the RCC tumor site, concurrently inducing potent autophagy, elevating antigen presentation, activating cytokine and chemokine production pathways, and downregulating EMT in RCC cells. This comprehensive approach significantly enhanced tumor inhibition and promoted anticancer immune modulation.

Indexed as

AutophagyCarcinoma, Renal CellKidney NeoplasmsLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsSunitinibAnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsCell Line, TumorEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionFemaleHumansImmunomodulationMiceTissue DistributionAntineoplastic AgentsLiposomesPolyethylene GlycolsSunitinibDrug deliveryImmune modulationLiposomeRenal cell carcinomaSunitinib

Identifiers

PMID39085911
PMCPMC11293195

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.