Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39090411›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2024

The burden of diabetes-associated multiple long-term conditions on years of life spent and lost.

Edward W Gregg, Adrian Pratt, Alex Owens, Emma Barron, Rupert Dunbar-Rees, Eirion T Slade, Nasrin Hafezparast, Chirag Bakhai, Paul Chappell, Victoria Cornelius and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Banting memorial lecture 2025: Aligning clinical practice, policy and research.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026
    Article
  7. Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy as a Strategy to Improve Antidiabetic Medication Adherence in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Edward W GreggRCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. edwardgregg@rcsi.ie.
Adrian PrattNHS Arden & GEM Commissioning Support Unit, Leicester, UK.
Alex OwensNHS Arden & GEM Commissioning Support Unit, Leicester, UK.
Emma BarronNHS England, London, UK.
Rupert Dunbar-ReesOutcomes Based Healthcare Ltd, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-7608
Eirion T SladeOutcomes Based Healthcare Ltd, London, UK.
Nasrin HafezparastOutcomes Based Healthcare Ltd, London, UK.
Chirag BakhaiNHS England, London, UK.
Paul ChappellNHS England, London, UK.
Victoria CorneliusNHS England, London, UK.
Desmond G JohnstonDepartment of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9539-7108
Jacqueline MathewsNational Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Research Network National Coordination Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Jason PicklesNHS England, London, UK.
Ellie Bragan TurnerOutcomes Based Healthcare Ltd, London, UK.
Gary WainmanNHS England, London, UK.
Kate RobertsNational Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Research Network National Coordination Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Kamlesh Khunti *Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Jonathan Valabhji *NHS England, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9756-4061

Funding

Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) 22/RP/10091
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a central driver of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), but population-based studies have not clearly characterized the burden across the life course. We estimated the age of onset, years of life spent and loss associated with diabetes-related MLTCs among 46 million English adults. We found that morbidity patterns extend beyond classic diabetes complications and accelerate the onset of severe MLTCs by 20 years earlier in life in women and 15 years earlier in men. By the age of 50 years, one-third of those with diabetes have at least three conditions, spend >20 years with them and die 11 years earlier than the general population. Each additional condition at the age of 50 years is associated with four fewer years of life. Hypertension, depression, cancer and coronary heart disease contribute heavily to MLTCs in older age and create the greatest community-level burden on years spent (813 to 3,908 years per 1,000 individuals) and lost (900 to 1,417 years per 1,000 individuals). However, in younger adulthood, depression, severe mental illness, learning disabilities, alcohol dependence and asthma have larger roles, and when they occur, all except alcohol dependence were associated with long periods of life spent (11-14 years) and all except asthma associated with many years of life lost (11-15 years). These findings provide a baseline for population monitoring and underscore the need to prioritize effective prevention and management approaches.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusAdolescentAdultAgedAge of OnsetCost of IllnessDepressionDiabetes ComplicationsFemaleHumansLife ExpectancyMaleMiddle AgedYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39090411
PMCPMC11485235

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.