Evidence mapPaperPMID 39096472Full record

ArticleApplied biochemistry and biotechnology2024

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin, Rutin, and Troxerutin Result From the Inhibition of NO Production and the Reduction of COX-2 Levels in RAW 264.7 Cells Treated with LPS.

Gi Baek Lee, Yohan Kim, Kyung Eun Lee, Ramachandran Vinayagam, Mahendra Singh, Sang Gu Kang

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Therapeutic Potential of Solanum macrocarpon in Uterine Leiomyoma: In Vivo and In Silico Approaches.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Total flavonoids fromAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026
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  6. Anti-Inflammatory Properties ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  14. Review
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  16. Article
  17. Preventive nutrition and food science · 2025
    Article
  18. Effects ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Gi Baek LeeDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Yohan KimDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Kyung Eun LeeStemforce, 313 Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Ramachandran VinayagamDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
Mahendra SinghDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea. m.singh2685@gmail.com.
Sang Gu KangDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea. kangsg@ynu.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5216-5494

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Flavonols effectively scavenge the reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and act as immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic agents. Here, we explored the comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of plant-originating flavonols, like quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin against acetylsalicylic acid. Quercetin and rutin showed a high ability to remove active ROS, but troxerutin and acetylsalicylic acid exhibited little such function. In RAW 264.7 cells, quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin did not exhibit cellular toxicity at low concentrations. In addition, quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin considerably (p < 0.05) lowered the protein expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as compared to acetylsalicylic acid in cells inflamed with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Additionally, in inflamed cells, quercetin and rutin significantly down-regulated the nitrogen oxide (NO) level (p < 0.05) at higher concentrations, whereas Troxerutin did not reduce the NO level. In addition, Troxerutin down-regulated the pro-inflammatory protein markers, such as TNF-α, COX-2, NF-κB, and IL-1β better than quercetin, rutin, and acetylsalicylic acid. We observed that troxerutin exhibited a significantly greater anti-inflammatory effect than acetylsalicylic acid did. Acetylsalicylic acid did not significantly down-regulated the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α (p < 0.05) compared to troxerutin. Hence, it can be concluded that the down-regulation of NO levels and the expression of COX-2 and TNF-α proteins could be mechanisms of action for the natural compounds quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin in preventing inflammation.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsCyclooxygenase 2HydroxyethylrutosideLipopolysaccharidesNitric OxideQuercetinRutinAnimalsMiceRAW 264.7 CellsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCyclooxygenase 2HydroxyethylrutosideLipopolysaccharidesNitric OxidePtgs2 protein, mouseQuercetinRutintroxerutinAcetylsalicylic acidAntiinflammationAntioxidantBioactive compoundsConcentration-dependentDown-regulation

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.