ArticleBMJ open2024
Surveillance of antibiotics use in inpatients at Benjamin Mkapa Zonal Referral Hospital in Dodoma, Tanzania: a point prevalence survey.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07393308 (Enhancing the Optimization of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Enhancing the Optimization of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy: Development and Implementation of Mobile Antibiograms in Tertiary Hospitals in Tanzania
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence, associated factors, and immediate outcomes of acute kidney injury in critically ill children in Tanzania.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- A point prevalence survey on antibiotic dispensing practices identifies targets for quality improvement of antimicrobial stewardship in community pharmacies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Article
- Drivers influencing antibiotics use in pediatric wards across five public hospitals in Zanzibar: a WHO multiple point prevalence survey.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comprehensive Landscape Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess antibiotics prescribing and use patterns for inpatients at Benjamin Mkapa Zonal Referral Hospital (BMH) using the WHO-Point Prevalence Survey (WHO-PPS).
designA cross-sectional survey.
settingThe Benjamin Mkapa Zonal Referral Hospital, Dodoma, Tanzania.
participantsInpatient prescriptions, regardless of whether antibiotics were prescribed (n=286) on the day of PPS. OUTCOME MEASURES: Our study analysed the prevalence of antibiotic use at BMH for inpatients, the type of antibiotics used, the indications for use and the proportion of oral and parenteral antibiotics. We also assessed prescription-prescribed antibiotics after a positive antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) result.
resultsA survey was conducted on 286 prescriptions, which revealed that 30.07% of them included antibiotics. On average, each prescription contained at least 1.6 antibiotics. All prescriptions that included antibiotics were written in generic names, and 77.91% (67/86) of them followed the Standard Treatment Guidelines. Of the prescriptions that included antibiotics, 58.14% (50/86) had a single antibiotic, 20.93% (18/86) had parenteral antibiotics and 79.07% (68/86) had oral antibiotics. Based on AWaRe's (Access, Watch and Reserve) categorisation of antibiotics, 50% (8/16) were in the Access group, 31.25% (5/16) were in the Watch group, 12.50% (2/16) were in the Reserve group and 6.25% (1/16) were not recommended antimicrobial combinations. Out of 86 prescriptions included antibiotics, only 4.65% showed positive culture growth. However, antibiotics were still prescribed in 29.07% of prescriptions where there was no growth of bacteria, and in 66.28% of prescriptions, antibiotics were prescribed empirically without any requesting of bacteria culture and AST.
conclusionBMH has reduced inpatient Antibiotic Use by half compared with the 2019 WHO-PPS. Adherence to National Treatment Guidelines is suboptimal. Clinicians should use AST results to guide antibiotic prescribing.
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