ArticleThe ocular surface2024
Deep-learning based analysis of in-vivo confocal microscopy images of the subbasal corneal nerve plexus' inferior whorl in patients with neuropathic corneal pain and dry eye disease.
Article in The ocular surface, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Corneal Innervation Research at a Crossroads: A Tool-Driven Roadmap for the Future.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Corneal Stromal Microdots in Dry Eye Disease: Clinical Characterization and Associations With Corneal Nerve Parameters.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- An Annotated Corneal Confocal Microscopy Dataset for Nerve Segmentation and Clinical Characterization.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Robust registration under large image misalignment using an iterative step-aware transformer with application to corneal confocal microscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Corneal Nerve Images in Ophthalmology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emerging Technologies in Corneal Nerve Evaluation for Dry Eye and Ocular Surface Disease: A Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Management of Dry Eye Disease Pre- and Post-Cataract Surgery: A Personalized Approach.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- SuperCCM: An Open Source Python Toolkit for Automated Quantification of Corneal Nerve Fibers in Confocal Microscopy Images.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Influence of Immune Cells on Corneal Nerve Morphological Analysis and Clinical Relevance in Diabetes-Related Dry Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Metabolomic analysis identifies alterations of amino acids in the tears and plasma of patients with dry eye disease with ocular pain.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in ocular surface diseases.Cell stress · 2025Review
- Influence of dendritic cells on corneal nerve morphological analysis and clinical relevance in chronic dry eye disease after femtosecond laser-assisted laserFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate and compare subbasal corneal nerve parameters of the inferior whorl in patients with dry eye disease (DED), neuropathic corneal pain (NCP), and controls using a novel deep-learning-based algorithm to analyze in-vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) images.
methodsSubbasal nerve plexus (SNP) images of the inferior whorl of patients with DED (n = 49, 77 eyes), NCP (n = 14, 24 eyes), and controls (n = 41, 59 eyes) were taken with IVCM and further analyzed using an open-source artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm previously developed by our group. This algorithm automatically segments nerves, immune cells, and neuromas in the SNP. The following parameters were compared between groups: nerve area density, average nerve thickness, average nerve segment tortuosity, junction point density, neuroma density, and immune cell density.
results160 eyes of 104 patients (63 % females), aged 56.8 ± 15.4 years, were included. The mean nerve area density was significantly lower in the DED (P = 0.012) and NCP (P < 0.001) groups compared to the control group. The junction point density was lower in the NCP group compared with control (P = 0.001) and DED (P = 0.004) groups. The immune cell density was higher in the DED group compared with controls (P < 0.001).
conclusionsDeep-learning-based analysis of IVCM images of the corneal SNP inferior whorl distinguished a decreased mean nerve area density in patients with DED and NCP compared with controls and an increased immune cell density in patients with oGVHD- and SS-associated DED. These findings suggest that the inferior whorl could be used as landmark to distinguish between patients with DED and NCP.
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