Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39107255›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2026

Effectiveness of Updated 2023-2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB and BA.2.86/JN.1 Lineage Hospitalization and a Comparison of Clinical Severity-IVY Network, 26 Hospitals, 18 October 2023-9 March 2024.

Kevin C Ma, Diya Surie, Adam S Lauring, Emily T Martin, Aleda M Leis, Leigh Papalambros, Manjusha Gaglani, Christie Columbus, Robert L Gottlieb, Shekhar Ghamande and 51 more

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Integrating Genomic Data into Test-negative Designs for Estimating Lineage-specific COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
    Article
  6. Multimorbidity Profiles and Severe In-Hospital Outcomes in Adults With Respiratory Syncytial Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

61 authors.

Kevin C MaNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4326-2911
Diya SurieNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Adam S LauringUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Emily T MartinUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Aleda M LeisUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Leigh PapalambrosUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Manjusha GaglaniBaylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Christie ColumbusBaylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Robert L GottliebBaylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Shekhar GhamandeBaylor Scott & White, Temple, Texas, USA.
Ithan D PeltanDepartment of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA.
Samuel M BrownDepartment of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA.
Adit A GindeDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Nicholas M MohrUniversity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Kevin W GibbsDepartment of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
David N HagerDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Safa SaeedDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Matthew E PrekkerDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Michelle Ng GongDepartment of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Amira MohamedDepartment of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
Nicholas J JohnsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Vasisht SrinivasanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Jay S SteingrubDepartment of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
Akram KhanDepartment of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Catherine L HoughDepartment of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Abhijit DuggalDepartment of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Jennifer G WilsonDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Nida QadirDepartment of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Steven Y ChangDepartment of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Christopher MallowDepartment of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Jennie H KwonDepartment of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Bijal ParikhDepartment of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Matthew C ExlineDepartment of Medicine, The Ohio State Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Ivana A VaughnHenry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Mayur RameshHenry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Basmah SafdarYale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Jarrod MosierDepartment of Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Estelle S HarrisUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Nathan I ShapiroDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jamie FelzerEmory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Yuwei ZhuVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Carlos G GrijalvaVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Natasha HalasaVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
James D ChappellVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Kelsey N WomackVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jillian P RhoadsVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Adrienne BaughmanVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Sydney A SwanVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Cassandra A JohnsonVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Todd W RiceVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jonathan D CaseyVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Paul W BlairVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Jin H HanVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Sascha EllingtonNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Nathaniel M LewisNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Natalie ThornburgNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Clinton R PadenNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Lydia J AthertonNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Wesley H SelfVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Fatimah S DawoodNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Jennifer DeCuirNational Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Funding

CTSA K12 Program at the University of MichiganK12TR004374 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI VICKI L ELLINGROD, Leah Elizabeth Robinson · 2023 to 2026
$6.5M
Measuring and Learning from Care Variation in SepsisR35GM151147 · NIGMS · IHC HEALTH SERVICES, INC. · PI Ithan Daniel Peltan · 2023 to 2026
$1.5M
Centers Disease Control and Prevention 75D30122C14944Intramural CDC HHS CC999999NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004374NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM151147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAssessing variant-specific coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) and severity can inform public health risk assessments and decisions about vaccine composition. BA.2.86 and its descendants, including JN.1 (referred to collectively as "JN lineages"), emerged in late 2023 and exhibited substantial divergence from co-circulating XBB lineages.

methodsWe analyzed patients hospitalized with COVID-19-like illness at 26 hospitals in 20 US states admitted 18 October 2023-9 March 2024. Using a test-negative, case-control design, we estimated effectiveness of an updated 2023-2024 (monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 vaccine dose against sequence-confirmed XBB and JN lineage hospitalization using logistic regression. Odds of severe outcomes, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) or death, were compared for JN versus XBB lineage hospitalizations using logistic regression.

resultsA total of 585 case-patients with XBB lineages, 397 case-patients with JN lineages, and 4580 control patients were included. VE in the first 7-89 days after receipt of an updated dose was 54.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.1-67.1%) against XBB lineage hospitalization and 32.7% (95% CI, 1.9-53.8%) against JN lineage hospitalization. Odds of ICU admission (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], .80; 95% CI, .46-1.38) and IMV or death (aOR, .69; 95% CI, .34-1.40) were not significantly different among JN compared with XBB lineage hospitalizations.

conclusionsUpdated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination provided protection against both XBB and JN lineage hospitalization, but protection against the latter may be attenuated by immune escape. Clinical severity of JN lineage hospitalizations was not higher relative to XBB.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHospitalizationSARS-CoV-2Vaccine EfficacyAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSeverity of Illness IndexUnited StatesVaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19 severityCOVID-19 vaccine effectivenessJN.1 and BA.2.86SARS-CoV-2 variantstest-negative design

Identifiers

PMID39107255
PMCPMC13193650

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.