Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39118381›Full record

ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2024

'We're taught green is good': Perspectives on time in range and time in tight range from youth with type 1 diabetes, and parents of youth with type 1 diabetes.

Molly L Tanenbaum, Erica Pang, Rachel Tam, Franziska K Bishop, Priya Prahalad, Dessi P Zaharieva, Ananta Addala, Jessie J Wong, Diana Naranjo, Korey K Hood and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Moving the Goalposts: Do Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Want Time in Tight Range?Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Molly L TanenbaumDivision of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4222-4224
Erica PangDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Rachel TamDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Franziska K BishopDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Priya PrahaladDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Dessi P ZaharievaDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Ananta AddalaDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0508-4309
Jessie J WongDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2093-4647
Diana NaranjoDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Korey K HoodDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
David M MaahsDivision of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4602-7909

Funding

Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Seung K Kim · 2017 to 2026
$19.5M
Teamwork, Targets, Technology, and Tight Control in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric T1D: 4T StudyR18DK122422 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MAAHS, DAVID MATTHEW · 2020 to 2024
$3.2M
Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable TrustNational Science FoundationNIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074NIDDK NIH HHS R18 DK122422NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are standard of care for youth with type 1 diabetes with the goal of spending >70% time in range (TIR; 70-180 mg/dL, 3.9-10 mmol/L). We aimed to understand paediatric CGM user experiences with TIR metrics considering recent discussion of shifting to time in tight range (TITR; >50% time between 70 and 140 mg/dL, 3.9 and 7.8 mmol/L).

methodsSemi-structured interviews and focus groups with adolescents with type 1 diabetes and parents of youth with type 1 diabetes focused on experiences with TIR goals and reactions to TITR. Groups and interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using content analysis.

resultsThirty participants (N = 19 parents: age 43.6 ± 5.3 years, 79% female, 47% non-Hispanic White, 20 ± 5 months since child's diagnosis; N = 11 adolescents: age 15.3 ± 2 years, 55% female, 55% non-Hispanic White, 16 ± 3 months since diagnosis) attended. Participants had varying levels of understanding of TIR. Some developed personally preferred glucose ranges. Parents often aimed to surpass 70% TIR. Many described feelings of stress and disappointment when they did not meet a TIR goal. Concerns about TITR included increased stress and burden; risk of hypoglycaemia; and family conflict. Some participants said TITR would not change their daily lives; others said it would improve their diabetes management. Families requested care team support and a clear scientific rationale for TITR.

conclusionsThe wealth of CGM data creates frequent opportunities for assessing diabetes management and carries implications for management burden. Input from people with type 1 diabetes and their families will be critical in considering a shift in glycaemic goals and targets.

Indexed as

Blood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1ParentsAdolescentAdultBlood GlucoseChildFemaleFocus GroupsGlycemic ControlHumansHypoglycemiaInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseInsulincontinuous glucose monitoringpaediatricspsychosocial aspectstime in rangetype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39118381
PMCPMC11560526

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.