ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2025
Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement of infectious disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Therapeutic approaches against dengue virus: current status of vaccines, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement and its research progress in animal coronaviruses.Veterinary research · 2026Review
- Article
- Antibody-Dependent Enhancement in Flavivirus Infections: From Fc Receptor Signaling to Vaccine and Therapeutic Design.Viruses · 2026Review
- A novel multi-epitope mRNA vaccine against Escherichia coli using an in silico reverse vaccinology approach.Journal of applied genetics · 2026Article
- Multiple, but not isolated, yellow fever virus-associated orthoflavivirus immune histories drive antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika and dengue viruses.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Treatment of Pseudomonas by Removal of Cloaking Antibodies: Is Common Polysaccharide Antigen a Factor?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Isolation of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 through an epitope-guided negative screening by phage display.Journal of biomedical research · 2026Article
- Inhibition ofmBio · 2026Article
- Article
- Anti-Coxsackievirus B4 Activity of Serum and Saliva from Mice Exposed to the Virus via the Mucosal Route.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Proteomic signals are not equal clinical phenotypes: redefining evidence standards in arbovirus-SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Preparation and mechanism study ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Possess Autoimmune Properties.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A HiBiT-tagged pseudovirus-like particle platform for safe, rapid quantification of virus neutralization and antibody-dependent enhancement.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- PredIG: an interpretable predictor of T-cell epitope immunogenicity.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- Algae extract supplementation boosts humoral immunity induced by attenuated PRRSV-1 vaccination.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Interactions between zoonotic pathogens and infectious disease spread: Why understanding mechanisms and modelling matters more than ever.Biosafety and health · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infectious disease is a phenomenon whereby host antibodies increase the severity of an infection. It is well established in viral infections but ADE also has an underappreciated role during bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections. ADE can occur during both primary infections and re-infections with the same or a related pathogen; therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of ADE is critical for understanding the pathogenesis and progression of many infectious diseases. Here, we review the four distinct mechanisms by which antibodies increase disease severity during an infection. We discuss the most established mechanistic explanation for ADE, where cross-reactive, disease-enhancing antibodies bound to pathogens interact with Fc receptors, thereby enhancing pathogen entry or replication, ultimately increasing the total pathogen load. Additionally, we explore how some pathogenic antibodies can shield bacteria from complement-dependent killing, thereby enhancing bacterial survival. We interrogate the molecular mechanisms by which antibodies can amplify inflammation to drive severe disease, even in the absence of increased pathogen replication. We also examine emerging roles for autoantibodies in enhancing the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Finally, we discuss how we can leverage these insights to improve vaccine design and future treatments for infectious diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
39122820What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.