ReviewNature structural & molecular biology2024
Sex chromosome-encoded protein homologs: current progress and open questions.
Review in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Escape from X-chromosome inactivation: from gene discovery to regulatory mechanisms.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Sex-specific KDM6A-HNF4A-CREBH network controls lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis via epigenetic reprograming of hepatocytes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Sex differences in endothelial cell biology: cellular phenotypes and molecular regulators.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- Sex as a biological variable in ageing: insights and perspectives on the molecular and cellular hallmarks.Open biology · 2024Review
- Comparing the roles of sex chromosome-encoded protein homologs in gene regulation.Genes & development · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The complexity of biological sex differences is markedly evident in human physiology and pathology. Although many of these differences can be ascribed to the expression of sex hormones, another contributor to sex differences lies in the sex chromosomes beyond their role in sex determination. Although largely nonhomologous, the human sex chromosomes express seventeen pairs of homologous genes, referred to as the 'X-Y pairs.' The X chromosome-encoded homologs of these Y-encoded proteins are crucial players in several cellular processes, and their dysregulation frequently results in disease development. Many diseases related to these X-encoded homologs present with sex-biased incidence or severity. By contrast, comparatively little is known about the differential functions of the Y-linked homologs. Here, we summarize and discuss the current understanding of five of these X-Y paired proteins, with recent evidence of differential functions and of having a potential link to sex biases in disease, highlighting how amino acid-level sequence differences may differentiate their functions and contribute to sex biases in human disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.