ArticlePolymers2024
Metakaolin-Based Geopolymers Filled with Industrial Wastes: Improvement of Physicochemical Properties through Sustainable Waste Recycling.
Article in Polymers, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Geopolymers and Alkali-Activated Materials: Preparation and Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Behavior of Industrial Wastes as a Replacement for Metakaolin Before Geopolymerization: A Comparative Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from G. stearothermophilus GF16: stable and versatile nanomaterials with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and catalytic properties.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
- Studying the Impact of Cement-Based and Geopolymer Concrete on the Proliferation ofMaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Alkali-Activated Mineral Residues in Construction: Case Studies on Bauxite Residue and Steel Slag Pavement Tiles.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Alkali Activation of Metakaolin and Wollastonite: Reducing Sodium Hydroxide Use and Enhancing Gel Formation through Carbonation.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The increasing global demand for cement significantly impacts greenhouse gas emissions and resource consumption, necessitating sustainable alternatives. This study investigates fresh geopolymer (GP) pastes incorporating 20 wt.% of five industrial wastes-suction dust, red mud from alumina production, electro-filter dust, and extraction sludges from food supplement production and from partially stabilized industrial waste-as potential replacements for traditional cement. Consistent synthesis methods are used to prepare the geopolymers, which are characterized for their physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Ionic conductivity and pH measurements together with integrity tests, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), and leaching analysis are used to confirm the stability of the synthesized geopolymers. Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is used to follow geopolymerization occurrences. Results for ionic conductivity, pH, and integrity revealed that the synthesized GPs were macroscopically stable. TGA revealed that the main mass losses were ascribable to water dehydration and to water entrapped in the geopolymer networks. Only the GP filled with the powder of the red mud coming from alumina production experienced a mass loss of 23% due to a partial waste degradation. FT-IR showed a red shift in the main Si-O-(Si or Al) absorption band, indicating successful geopolymer network formations. Additionally, most of the GPs filled with the wastes exhibited higher compressive strength (37.8-58.5 MPa) compared to the control (22 MPa). Only the GP filled with the partially stabilized industrial waste had a lower mechanical strength as its structure was highly porous because of gas formation during geopolymerization reactions. Despite the high compressive strength (58.5 MPa) of the GP filled with suction dust waste, the concentration of Sb leached was 25 ppm, which limits its use. Eventually, all samples also demonstrated effective antimicrobial activity against
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