ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2025
Multi-dimensional analysis of B cells reveals the expansion of memory and regulatory B-cell clusters in humans living in rural tropical areas.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental drivers of low vaccine responsiveness in a lab-to-wild rodent model.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Systems analysis unravels a common rural-urban gradient in immunological profile, function, and metabolic dependencies.Science advances · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
B-cells play a critical role in the formation of immune responses against pathogens by acting as antigen-presenting cells, by modulating immune responses, and by generating immune memory and antibody responses. Here, we studied B-cell subset distributions between regions with higher and lower microbial exposure, i.e. by comparing peripheral blood B-cells from people living in Indonesia or Ghana to those from healthy Dutch residents using a 36-marker mass cytometry panel. By applying an unbiased multidimensional approach, we observed differences in the balance between the naïve and memory compartments, with higher CD11c+ and double negative (DN-IgDnegCD27neg) memory (M)B-cells in individuals from rural tropical areas, and conversely lower naïve B-cells compared to residents from an area with less pathogen exposure. Furthermore, characterization of total B-cell populations, CD11c+, DN, and Breg cells showed the emergence of specific memory clusters in individuals living in rural tropical areas. Some of these differences were more pronounced in children compared to adults and suggest that a higher microbial exposure accelerates memory B-cell formation, which "normalizes" with age.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.